A five-year-old female spayed Vietnamese potbellied pig was evaluated due to a chronic history of dysuria and pollakiuria as well as lack of faecal output for one week. Physical examination revealed vitals within normal parameters and to facilitate further workup evaluation, the patient was anaesthetized. Complete blood count and chemistry panel values were unremarkable. Ultrasonography of the bladder indicated the presence of uroliths, and this was confirmed with abdominal radiographs. A cystotomy was performed to remove the uroliths, and an enaema was administered to relieve the constipation. The patient recovered from anaesthesia uneventfully and was discharged after four days of hospitalisation. Analysis revealed that the stones were composed of calcium phosphate carbonate; husbandry and medical management changes were implemented to prevent reoccurrence. Urolithiasis is an uncommon finding in female pigs; this case report describes a comprehensive clinical workup and treatment of a female adult pig with urolithiasis.

A 1‐year‐old male castrated dromedary camel presented with a 3‐week history of intermittent colic characterized by diarrhoea, inappetence and lethargy. The patient was originally diagnosed with intestinal parasites (Trichuris spp.) 2 weeks prior, for which he was dewormed and released from the hospital. However, the patient's clinical signs did not improve, so further workup was deemed necessary. Based on severe weight loss and hypoalbunaemia, with no further detection of common intestinal parasites, a suspicion of proliferative enteritis led to additional diagnostics. A faecal sample submitted for Lawsonia intracelluris PCR tested positive for the bacterium. The patient received four treatments of oxytetracycline, and clinical signs significantly improved. Another PCR was performed 4 weeks after treatment and was negative for L. intracellularis. While other causes of this camel's clinical signs are possible, this case suggests L. intracellularis may have contributed to signs of recurrent colic in a dromedary camel.

Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitism, particularly Haemonchus contortus infection, is of grave concern to producers due to its ability to dramatically decrease the productivity and profitability of livestock. With increasing resistance to commonly used antihelmintics, it is important to investigate alternative GIN therapy methods. Copper oxide wire particles (COWP) administered as an oral bolus are effective at decreasing fecal egg counts and H. contortus concentrations in sheep and goats. The use of this alternative method of parasite control has not been evaluated in new world camelids. The purpose of this study was to determine if COWP administered as an oral bolus would effectively decrease fecal GIN egg counts in adult alpacas.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether copper oxide wire particles (COWP) administered as an oral bolus effectively decrease fecal gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) egg counts in adult alpacas. ANIMALS 57 adult alpacas. PROCEDURES A double-blind clinical trial was performed during the months of April through August 2019. Adult alpacas enrolled in the trial were administered 2 g of COWP or a placebo control capsule PO on day 0 and day 45. On day 0 and at 15-day intervals, fecal samples were collected, and Modified McMaster fecal egg counts (FEC) were performed as well as physical examinations, including FAMACHA scoring and body condition scoring (BCS). Hematocrits were measured in 30-day intervals (days 0, 30, 60, and 90). Results were compared across groups. RESULTS A significant decrease in mean FEC was observed in the COWP-treated group over time, compared with the placebo group. Mean BCS, FAMACHA score, and Hct did not differ significantly between groups. No clinical evidence of copper toxicosis was observed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Oral administration of COWP was determined to be a safe and effective method of reducing GIN FEC in adult alpacas.