No abstract

Demokrasi di Indonesia telah berkembang menjadi “industri politik” yang membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar untuk berinvestasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengeksplorasi tingginya biaya Pilkada langsung yang harus di keluarkan oleh kandidat untuk bertarung dalam kontestasi Pilkada, sehingga menjadi pintu masuk para cukong politik untuk mencari rente melalui Pilkada. Temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa Pilkada telah menjadi arena “pertempuran” antar cukong, dan daerah yang memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah menjadi rebutan cukong lokal dan nasional. Mereka bertarung melalui pendanaan dan pembiayaan semua kebutuhan kampanye kandidat. Sehingga pada lokus ini, mereka menguasai sumber daya alam dan merekalah yang menentukan siapa yang akan menjadi bupati, gubernur hingga siapa yang menjadi presiden. Penekanan pada SDA, khususnya tambang batu bara, sebagai salah satu sumber utama pendanaan untuk menggerakkan mesin politik, membawa dampak buruk pada tata kelola sumber daya alam dan lingkungan. Sehingga, isu SDA perlu menjadi agenda dalam setiap proses politik lokal dan nasional dan memutus mata rantai cukong politik dengan penguasa SDA yang transaksional.

Public service is the provision of goods or services to meet the needs of every citizen based on established service standards. Village officials' understanding of service standards is an important factor, in order to be able to develop service standards that are in line with community expectations. However, many service products still do not yet have service standards, which is a problem in the field, so the community has the right to know the service standards provided. The activities carried out in this community service program are establishing public service standards in Nolokla Village, East Sentani District, Jayapura Regency, by actively involving the community in every stage of activity and providing assistance to village officials to set public service standards. With the dedication of the FISIP campus, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura, regarding Minimum Service Standards (SPM), which are provisions regarding the type and quality of essential services that are Mandatory Government Affairs, every citizen has the right to receive at a minimum. Implementation of SPM starting from the data collection stage, calculating the need to fulfil Basic Services, preparing plans for fulfilling Basic Services and implementing fulfilling Basic Services, and facilitating the preparation of SOPs and Village Head Regulations as a reference for Public Service Standards in Nolokla Village

The purpose of this study is to provide policy recommendations related to strategies that collaborate with parties in the education sector for the advancement of education in the provinces of Papua and West Papua by focusing on education issues at the basic level, especially the elementary school level. This research method is a qualitative research with a descriptive research design model that aims to describe the phenomena that occur. The results of the study indicate that access to education services in Papua and West Papua is still poor, especially in remote areas. There is a review of appropriate policy recommendations to improve access and quality of education in Papua and West Papua such as increasing teacher qualifications, teacher distribution programs, improving education services and community involvement. The low achievement of access and quality of primary school education in the provinces of Papua and West Papua is due to weak education governance, high rates of absenteeism for teachers, so it is necessary to revise policies in improving education services to encourage the acceleration of education in the provinces of Papua and West Papua.