Nowadays, technology has evolved considerably, and has made radiotherapy a sophisticated treatment due to it use high-precision equipment and advanced imaging techniques that guarantee an exact treatment that is reflected in the control of the disease with decrease in the toxicity that was previously present, and this is important because 60-70% of cancer patients will require this treatment at some point in the evolution of the disease. Among the new equipment to provide radiotherapy, there is the helical tomotherapy, which is a linear accelerator with many dosimetric advantages for the administration of treatment. To carry out this procedure, a series of steps are required from the assessment consultation by the radiation oncologist until the end of the treatment.

ResumenSe presenta el caso de una paciente de 29 años de edad, con tumoración en mama izquierda de crecimiento progresivo tratada quirúrgicamente. Por recurrencia local a los ocho meses se sometió a mastectomía simple y radioterapia adyuvante. El reporte histopatológico confirmó un sarcoma del estroma mamario de alto grado; desarrolló progresión intracraneal y pulmonar 2 meses después. Se revisa la literatura de este tumor maligno. El objetivo del tratamiento quirúrgico son los márgenes negativos; la radioterapia adyuvante puede considerarse de acuerdo con el tamaño y/o márgenes no óptimos. Se sugiere incluir a los pacientes en protocolos que permitan mejorar la supervivencia.Palabras clave: Sarcoma estromal. Tumor phyllodes. Mama. Radioterapia. Sarcoma of the mammary stroma. Case report abstractWe report the case of a female patient 29 years old, with a tumor in the left breast of progressive growth, treated surgically. Due to local recurrence at eight months, she underwent simple mastectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. The histopathological report confirmed a high-grade stromal sarcoma of the breast; she developed intracranial and pulmonary progression 2 months later. The literature of this malignant tumor is reviewed. The goal of surgical treatment are the negative margins; adjuvant radiotherapy can be considered according to size and/or non-optimal margins. It is suggested that patients be included in protocols to improve survival.