The research is due to several problems found in the field; the students assumed that narrative text was the difficult text to translate. It happened because the students translate the text literally, also the students were lack of vocabularies in translating the text. This research aims to find out the causes of students’ problems in translating narrative text. The research used descriptive method with a quantitative approach in which the sample of the research was 55 fifth semester students of English Education Study Program at IAIN Bukittinggi, academic year 2018/2019, by using questionnaires as the instrument of this research. The findings of the research showed that there are two factors causing problems in translating narrative text from English into Indonesian; they are linguistic factors and non-linguistic factors. It is proved by the highest percentage of students’ difficulties which is 55% in linguistic factors and 52% in non-linguistic factors.

The development and implementation of language teaching programs can be approached in several different ways, each of which has different implications for curriculum design. Indonesian schools have started modernizing their curricula by adopting a backward design that places an emphasis on students' learning outcomes in order to replace the outdated forward paradigm. They must, however, overcome a difficulty in order to achieve a beneficial alignment. This problem spurred a case study examination of the primary curriculum's objectives, syllabus, methodology, and evaluation. The results of the research indicate that the curriculum was created forward, despite claims that it was designed backward, with learning outcomes acting as program goals. In truth, the one that follows it promotes the exchange of knowledge above the development of skills. Since they still relied on information transmission, the program's learning goals were not linked with the three important components of syllabus, methodology, and assessment. The university's innovation of technique including a transfer in emphasis from the lecturer to the students was nonetheless rigidly and mechanically interpreted, and the assessment of student learning was said to be criterion-referenced without more explanation for each syllabus.

This research was done due to the lack of students' motivation in writing in MTsN 1 Agam. To find out whether there was a significant effect of using Powtoon toward students' motivation in writing, the hypothesis was formulated. This quantitative research was classified into experimental research. The sampling technique used in this research was cluster random sampling. Two groups were selected as the sample of the research that was separated into experimental group and control group. There were 37 students as the respondents in the experimental group and 34 students as the respondents in the control group. The experimental class was taught by using Powtoon as media in teaching and the control group was taught only by using an English book. The result of paired sample t-test showed that the obtained (4,722) was higher than ttable (2,028) for the degree of freedom 36 with the level significant 0,025. The null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. It means there is a significant effect of using Powtoon toward students' motivation in writing at the eighth grade of MTsN 1 Agam. The researcher proved that the Powtoon as a media was able to increase students' motivation in writing.

-TeachingEnglish cannot be generally taught in the same ways to different students who have different backgrounds. Each student may have different purposes, learning styles, needs, interest and so on that may affect their successful in learning English. Students' backgrounds may influence their comprehension in analyzing such contexts in a real communication. In this case, English teachers are supposed to gather information related to their students' backgrounds. This information later can be used by the teachers to develop learning materials, teaching techniques, and so on. Shortly, it may help the teachers to give directions in conducting teaching and learning processes by considering the context the language used. Related to this case, at least, there are 4 main points that should be considered by the teachers in EFL class; students' needs, students' interest, students' behavior, and students' social background. This paper is discussed about teachers' performance as an information gatherer and its influence on teaching and learning processes in the classroom. This paper, which is derived and further developed based on the research done in 2013, was a kind of phenomenological research. The data of the research were qualitative data that were collected through observation and interview.

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