The production of TGF-beta1 is under genetic control, and this in turn influences the development of lung fibrosis. Hence, the TGF-beta1 genotype has prognostic significance in transplant recipients.

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Objective-Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB) surgery is gaining more popularity worldwide. The aim of this United Kingdom (UK) multi-center study was to assess the early clinical outcome of the OPCAB technique and perform a risk-stratified comparison with the conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) using the Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass (CPB) technique. Methods-Data were collected on 5,163 CPB patients from the database of the National Heart and Lung institute, Imperial College, University of London, and on 2,223 OPCAB patients from eight UK cardiac surgical centers, which run established OPCAB surgery programs. All patients had undergone primary isolated CABG for multi-vessel disease through a midline sternotomy approach, between January 1997 and April 2001. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were compared between the CPB and OPCAB patients after adjusting for case-mix. The mortality of the OPCAB patients was also compared, using risk stratification, to the mortality figures reported by the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland (SCTS) based on 28,018 patients in the national database who were operated on between January 1996 and December 1999. Results-Morbidity and mortality were significantly lower in the OPCAB patients compared with the CPB patients and the UK national database of CABG patients, over the same period of time, after adjusting for case-mix. Conclusion-This study demonstrates that risk stratified morbidity and mortality are significantly lower in OPCAB patients than CPB patients and patients in the UK national database. (Circulation. 2003;108[suppl II]:II-1-II-8.) Key Words: coronary surgery ischemic heart disease coronary heart disease cardiopulmonary bypass O ff-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB) surgery is gaining more popularity worldwide. 1 The theoretical and proven disadvantages of the use of the Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass (CPB) for multi-vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) has prompted many cardiac surgeons in the United Kingdom (UK) to convert to OPCAB practice in their units. 2 To date, no collective data on the initial OPCAB experience in UK is available. The aim of this UK multi-center study was to assess the early clinical outcome of the OPCAB technique and perform a risk-stratified comparison with the established CPB technique.