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H i s t o r i a i P o l i t y k a Nr 25(32)/2018, s s. 65 -80 w w w.h ip.u m k .pl ISSN 1899 -516 0, e-ISSN 2391-7652• A b s t r a k t • W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, które koncentrują się na współczesnych aspektach związanych z bezpieczeństwem powietrznym państwa w okresie pokoju i wojny. W pierwszej części rozważania naukowe miały na celu identyfikację aparatury pojęciowej związanej z koncepcją bezpieczeństwa powietrznego państwa, zagrożenia powietrznego i obrony powietrznej. W dalszej części autor analizuje współczesne zagrożenia militarne i terrorystyczne, które są głównym wyznacznikiem zmian w systemie obrony powietrznej państwa jako integralnego elementu systemu bezpieczeństwa państwa. W ostatniej części rozważań naukowych autor podkreśla znaczenie współpracy i integracji elementów sił zbrojnych z pozamilitarnymi instytucjami, co przekłada się na skuteczność ochrony przestrzeni powietrznej państwa przed zagrożeniami powietrznymi. W tej części autor wskazuje na istotę i znaczenie ochrony przestrzeni powietrznej państw NATO, która jest realizowana w ramach misji Air Policing.Sł ow a k l u c zowe: zagrożenie powietrzne, bezpieczeństwo powietrzne, obrona powietrzna, Air Policing, terroryzm powietrzny • A b s t r a c t •The article presents the results of research that focuses on contemporary aspects related to the air safety of the state in the period of peace and war. In the first part, scientific considerations were aimed at identifying the conceptual apparatus related to the concept of air security of the state, air threat and air defense. In the second part, the author analyzes contemporary military and terrorist threats, which are the main determinant of changes in the air defense system of the state as an integral element of the state security system. In the last part of the scientific deliberations, the author emphasizes the importance of cooperation and integration of elements of the armed forces with non-military institutions, which translates into the effectiveness of the protection of the air space of the state against airborne threats. In this part, the author points out the essence and importance of the protection of the airspace of NATO countries, which is implemented as part of the Air Policing mission. K e y w or d s: sair threat, air safety, air defense, Air Policing, air terrorism

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The article presents the results of research that focus on the problem of developing by the United States effective legal, organizational and technical so-lutions to increase the security of civil aviation, including passengers on board aircraft and at airports. An important part of scientific considerations was to characterize the organization of security systems at airports operating in the United States. The presented results are not limited to the theoretical aspects of counteracting terrorism, but also characterize practical organizational and technical projects implemented in the aviation security system in the USA

The contents of this article refer to theoretical considerations that concern the forecasting of strategic changes in the state security system, including the events taking place in its macroeconomic environment. In this regard, the authors have emphasised the complexity of modifications to the state security system, which should take into account not only the resources, but also changes in various spheres of its macroeconomic environment. The authors draw attention to the fact that, in practice, in the functioning of the state security system, any change of strategic (long-term) plans and their rational implementation requires the development of future scenarios. Their development allows for early identification of future threats to national security that might arise with changes in economic, political, technical, social and international spheres or be consequential. It is undoubtedly a very complex process requiring, first and foremost, a very good knowledge of the basic principles of strategic management, understanding the essence of national security and the ability to perceive opportunities and risks in turbulent environments. In this respect, the key importance is growing strategic thinking ability, which is just as important for a small country, as well as global hegemony.