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The development of telecommunications technology continues to increase, especially in the use of cellular communication networks. Users of cellular networks today need high-speed communication to be able to enjoy the facilities offered such as streaming video, web browsing, e-mail and others. With the current increase in user capacity, it causes a lot of interference. Therefore, the use of modulation techniques needs to be considered. To find out the proper use of modulation, in accordance with the conditions of the region and the network used, this study examines the performance of variations in modulation levels, namely QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM and 256QAM. The parameters measured in this study include RSRP, CINR, BER, user connected and throughput. Based on the coverage by RSRP simulation results, it was found that the RSRP did not change because the power signal will always adjust to any use of the modulation level. For coverage by CINR obtained to obtain a higher rate value, a higher CINR value is needed and for coverage by BER parameters, BER does not affect the bit per symbol carried by each modulation, only affects the different types of modulation. Meanwhile, in the capacity by Throughput parameter, QPSK modulation produces the lowest average throughput value of 14.01 Mbps followed by 16QAM 21.58 Mbps 64QAM 28.6 Mbps and 256QAM 33.87 Mbps. In addition, for the capacity by user connected parameters all connected users on all modulation used will produce 100% for capacity by user connected.

The progress of information and communication technology has resulted in a number of villages in Lingga Regency, Riau Islands still feeling the lack of public information due to signal limitations. One of the islands in the spotlight of the government is Pekajang Island. Economically the population of Pekajang Island interacts more with Bangka Island. A considerable distance and very minimal transportation facilities make Pekajang Island isolated. Therefore, to provide ICT services, a backhaul network is needed to support access to ICT services. In the study, a backhaul network of microwave transmission systems has been designed using frequency and diversity without diversity in the Riau archipelago. From the results of the design test using Pathloss 5.0 Simulator, the reliability value of the system that uses frequency diversity is 99.96879% and without diversity is 99.81417%. It can be concluded that the design results of a microwave transmission system using frequency diveristy are feasible to be applied because it has a system reliability value above the threshold based on ITU-R G.827 and F.1703 standards.Perancangan Jaringan Backhaul Sistem Transmisi Gelombang Mikro Digital Menggunakan Frequency Diversity dan Tanpa Diversity di Wilayah Kepulauan Riau

Rencana Implementasi analouge switchover to TV digital akan menjadikan solusi dalam menyikapi terbatasnya alokasi spektrum radio untuk memenuhi pengembangan serta pemerataan mobile broadband di Indonesia. Pemanfaatan frekuensi 700 MHz untuk teknologi untuk teknologi LTE (Long Term Evolution) akan memberikan dampak yang positif terhadap bagi penyebaran layanan telekomunikasi terutama pada wilayah rural yang memiliki penetrasi broadband yang kecil, sehingga mampu mengurangi kesenjangan digital antara wilayah urban, sub-urban dan rural. Perancangan jaringan LTE FDD pada frekuensi 700 MHz band menggunkan skenario bandwidth 15 MHz dan 10 MHz di wilayah Sub-Urban dan Rural Kabupaten Banyumas yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan coverage, kapasitas dan simulasi menggunakan software Atoll untuk menganalisa performa jaringan LTE. Pada pendekatan coverage dengan menggunakan model propagasi Okumura-Hatta membutuhkan 13 e_NodeB untuk dapat mencakup seluruh wilayah pengamatan. Sedangkan pendekatan kapasitas pada skenario bandwidth 10 MHz cembutuhkan 8 e_NodeB (MIMO 2x2) dan 4 e_NodeB (MIMO 3x3) dan pada skenario bandwith 15 MHz membutuhkan 4 e_NodeB baik menggunakan MIMO 2x2 maupun MIMO 3x3. Berdasarkan simulasi kualitas sinyal, didapatkan nilai rata-rata RSRP -72.2 dB dan SINR rata-rata 6.83. Sedangkan nilai index CQI sebesar 7.17, sehingga perangkat user yang dapat menerima layanan adalah yang memiliki spesifikasi modulasi 64QAM dengan code rate 466 dan efisiensi 2.7. Pada parameter nilai throughput memiliki perbedaaan antara kedua skenario, dimana bandwidth 15 MHz memiliki throughput hingga 52 Mbps sedangkan bandwidth 10 MHz hanya 16 Mbps.

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