Synopsis written by Rus Ervin Funk, MSW Center for Women and Families, Louisville, KYThe authors examine the relationship between attitudes towards prostitution and acceptance of rape myths. They suggest that both rape and prostitution myths are part of a cultural milieu that normalizes violence against women. Prostitution myths are those which justify the existence of prostitution, promote misinformation about prostitution and prostituted women, and contribute to a social climate that exploits and harms not only prostituted women but all women. This study explores the relationship between the acceptance of prostitution myths and rape myths amongst college undergraduate students in several states (California, Iowa, Oregon and Texas).These authors begin by asserting that violence against women is "associated with culturally supported attitudes that encourage men to feel entitled to sexual access to women, to feel superior to women, or to feel that they have license as sexual aggressors" (p. 1790). Both rape and prostitution myths are seen as specific components of the culturally supported attitudes that normalize rape. The authors briefly describe the rich literature that has suggested a link between acceptance of rape myth with lowered support for rape victims and an increased likelihood of men to self-define as potentially raping.The authors also describe the ways that rape myths might also expose prostitution mythsspecifically that all women are prostitutes. They refer to a Miller and Schwartz article (1995) the views of johns, polices and others regarding prostituted women. Miller and Schwartz found the following prejudicial beliefs were common: a) prostituted women are unrapable, b) no harm is done to prostituted women when they are assaulted or harassed, c) prostituted women deserve to be raped, and d) all prostituted women are the same. Farley and Kelly (2000) found these and other rape myths have been endorsed by judicial decisions when prostituted women were raped. MethodThe authors used a 6-item "Prostitution Behavior Questionnaire" that explores a person's attitudes about prostitution and prostituted women through the questions which are answered on a 4-point scale. Rape myth acceptance was measured by the short form of the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale -which consists of 7 subscales.The questionnaires were distributed to undergraduate students. The 783 participants were predominately female (65%), with a mean age of 19.5, and most were also European American (67%).

Introduction Enoxaparin is a widely used anticoagulant to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE). A fixed dose is recommended for VTE prophylaxis. However, fixed prophylactic doses of enoxaparin in low‐weight patients may be close to the weight‐based dosing recommended for VTE treatment. Objective To evaluate peak anti–factor Xa (aFXa) levels in low‐weight patients receiving enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis. Methods Retrospective cohort of adult patients weighing < 55 kg who were hospitalized at Loma Linda University Medical Center between January 2008 and February 2017. All patients received enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis with a peak aFXa level drawn. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving peak aFXa levels within the goal range of 0.2–0.5 unit/ml. Results Of 35 patients receiving enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis with an appropriately timed peak aFXa level, 74% achieved goal peak aFXa levels and the median daily dose of enoxaparin was 30 mg. The mean weight was approximately 44 kg. No significant correlations between aFXa level and body mass index or body weight were found. Conclusion A lower dose of enoxaparin may be reasonable in low‐weight patients for VTE prophylaxis. There appears to be no safety concerns with reduced enoxaparin dosing in low‐weight patients. More robust data are needed to confirm these findings.

Motorsports is the fastest growing professional sport in the United States. Each year approximately 14 drivers die, and many others are paralyzed or seriously injured. Although there is a common misconception that motorsports medicine is analogous to standard emergency or sports medicine, due to the unique racing environment a traditional approach to emergency medical services can be ineffective and may expose drivers, spectators, and medical personnel to great danger. This article is a general review of the evolving subspecialty of motorsports medicine.

On-road motorcyclists are more likely to sustain blunt abdominal trauma, blunt chest trauma, skin trauma, and death than off-road motorcyclists.

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