The boom in nanotechnology over the last three decades is undeniable. Responsible for this interest in nanomaterials are mainly the nanostructured forms of carbon, since historically they were the ones that inaugurated the study of nanomaterials with the discovery of fullerenes in 1985 and carbon nanotubes in 1991. Although a variety of techniques exist to produce these materials, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is particularly valuable as it allows the production of a wide variety of carbon nanostructures, is versatile, scalable, easy to implement and relatively low cost. This review article highlights the importance of CVD and details its principles, operating conditions and parameters, as well as its main variants. A description of the technique used to produce fullerenes, nano-ceramics, carbon nanotubes, nanospheres, graphene and others is made, emphasizing the specific parameters for each synthesis.
Es innegable el auge que ha tenido la nanotecnología en las últimas tres décadas. Responsables de este interés en los nanomateriales son principalmente las formas nanoestructuradas del carbono, ya que históricamente fueron las que inauguraron el estudio de los nanomateriales con el descubrimiento de los fullerenos en 1985 y los nanotubos de carbono en 1991. Aunque existen diversas técnicas para producir estos materiales, la deposición química de vapores (CVD, por sus siglas en inglés) es particularmente valiosa, ya que permite la producción de una gran variedad de nanoestructuras de carbono, es versátil, escalable, de fácil implementación y de relativamente bajo costo. En este artículo de revisión se destaca la importancia de CVD y se detallan sus principios, condiciones y parámetros de operación, así como sus principales variantes. Se realiza una descripción de la técnica utilizada para producir fullerenos, nano-cebollas, nanotubos de carbono, nanoesferas, grafeno y otras, recalcando los parámetros específicos para cada síntesis.
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