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The progressive diminution of the oil reserves all over the world highlights the necessity of using alternative fuels derived from durable renewable resource. The use of the alternative fuels represents a viable solution to reduce the pollutant emissions and to replace fossil fuels. Thus, a viable solution is the use of the animal fats in mixture with the diesel fuel at the diesel engines. A D2156 MTN8 diesel engine was firstly fuelled with diesel fuel and then with different blends of diesel fuel-animal fats (5% and 10% animal fats content). In the paper are presented some results of the experimental investigations of engine fuelled with preheated animal fats. The raw animal fats effects on the combustion process and on the pollutant emissions at different engine loads and 1450 rev/min engine speed are showed. The engine cycle variability increases at the animal fats content increase. The cycle variability for maximum pressure, maximum pressure angle and indicated mean effective pressure is analysed. The cycle variability coefficients values don’t exceed the recommended values of the standard diesel engine.

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The paper objectives answer to European Commission requires which decided for transport sector a 90% reduction of pollutants emissions till the year 2050. Alternative fuels like animal fats can represent a viable solution for diesel engines due to their good combustion properties, pollution reduction, and the possibility of raw state use in blends with diesel fuel or as biodiesel. A D2156 truck diesel engine is fueled with preheated raw animal fats, blend with diesel fuel in 5% and 10%. At the 55% engine load and 1450 rpm engine speed, for 10% animal fats-diesel fuel blend, the pollutant emissions levels decrease with 21% for NOx, with 50% for HC, with 66% for CO, with 30% for smoke due to the decrease of carbon content and increase of oxygen content. The CO2 emission level decrease by 14%. An important novelty aspect is a good correlation between engine running regime, diesel fuel, and animal fats cyclic dose, pollutants emissions level and exhaust gases temperature. The use of animal fats is a good opportunity to improve the environmental protection from pollutants emissions and greenhouse gases for diesel engines. The use of raw animal fats does not require significant changes to the diesel engine design.