No abstract

In this study, we isolated Lactobacillus spp. from bovine raw milk and artisanal cheese from southern Brazil, and evaluated their technological and probiotic potential to select new isolates for producing healthy fermented dairy foods with differentiated tastes and flavours. We obtained 48 new lactobacilli isolates, which were isolated from raw milk (38) and cheese (10). These bacterial isolates were closely related with ten species: Lactobacillus paracasei (50% of the isolates), L. parabuchneri (15%), L. pentosus (13%), L. zeae (4%), L. plantarum (4%), L. otakiensis (4%), L. casei (4%), L. harbinensis (2%), L. diolivorans (2%), and L. rhamnosus (2%). Isolates CH112 and CH131 showed the greatest acidification potential, reducing the pH of milk to below 5.3 after incubation for 6 h at 32 °C. Considering proteolytic activity and diacetyl production, isolates ML88a, ML04, and ML12 showed the most promising results. Isolate ML12 showed 100% survival rate when inoculated in gastric juice at pH 2.5. The evaluation of antibacterial activity of the lactobacilli showed that the pathogens Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Salmonella Typhimurium were strongly inhibited by the pure lactobacilli cultures. Five Lactobacillus isolates (ML01, ML04, ML12, ML88, and CH139) showed both technological and probiotic characteristics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to investigate correlations among technological and probiotic characteristics, and identified new promising lactobacilli isolates for exploring their characteristics. This study reveals the importance of selecting new microorganisms with potential applicability in the food industry for developing functional foods with differentiated aromas and flavours. Keyword Brazil. Fermented dairy foods. Functional foods. Lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacilli isolates. Starter culture.

SUMMARY:The transcondylar approach (TA) has been used in surgeries to access lesions in areas close to the foramen magnum (FM) and is performed directly through the occipital condyle (OC) or through the atlanto-occipital joint and adjacent portions of the same. The objective of this study is to examine anatomical variations related to the TA by morphometric parameters of the FM, OC and of the hypoglossal canal (HC) in dry skulls and in computed tomography (CT). In 111 skulls, characteristics of the HC, and measures related to the FM, the HC and to the OC were examined. In CT, the measurements obtained bilaterally in 10 patients who underwent examination of the skull base in 1 mm-thick axial helical cuts were the distances from the outer half of the clivus to the opening of the HC; from the lower portion of the OC to the middle of HC; from the inner half of the clivus to the intracranial opening of the HC and to the midpoint of the HC; from the HC extracranial opening to the lower portion of the OC and to the outer half of the clivus. The results of CT measurements are consistent to previous studies of morphometric variations related to the TA, with no significant difference between the measurements obtained in the right and in the left sides, or related to gender. The data obtained by three-dimensional CT images are important in assessing the morphometric variations of pre-surgical patientsof TA.

Therapeutic ultrasound, with frequency of 1 MHz, intensity of 0.2 W/cm(2) (SATA) and pulsed mode, for 30 minutes, was able to increase the proliferation of preosteoblast-like bone cells. This effect was mediated by a calcium influx, with a consequent activation of the mTOR pathway, through increased NF-κB1 and p38α.

Introdução: No mundo, em torno de 20% das gestações apresentam uma evolução desfavorável, implicando em risco tanto para a mãe quanto para o bebê, caracterizando-se como gestação de alto risco. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil das gestantes de alto risco da l, Brasil. Metodologia: A presente pesquisa é um estudo do tipo descritivo-exploratório, transversal de caráter epidemiológico e quantitativo. A população deste estudo foram todos os prontuários das gestantes acompanhadas no ambulatório especializado região central do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2014. Resultados: Este estudo constatou que as doenças com maior prevalência são a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, sendo que a maioria das gestantes era branca, com idade entre 30 e 39 anos e foram encaminhadas ao serviço entre o segundo e terceiro trimestre de gestação. Conclusões: Espera-se que os resultados dessa pesquisa auxiliem os profissionais que realizam atendimento diretamente com a saúde da gestante, para que desenvolvam um olhar mais detalhado para o perfil epidemiológico e as morbidades, com a finalidade de melhorar a assistência prestada a este tipo de paciente.