RESUMOObjetivou-se, neste estudo, caracterizar a extração e analisar a viabilidade financeira do extrativismo da castanha-do-pará em três municípios da mesorregião Baixo Amazonas, Estado do Pará. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 40 extrativistas e nove atravessadores, selecionados em amostragem não probabilística e intencional. A viabilidade econômica foi estimada por meio de custo de extração, receita líquida (RL), remuneração da mão de obra familiar (RMOF) e renda do trabalho familiar (RTF). A RTF foi de R$ 2.419,56 (Almeirim), R$ 983,22 (Óbidos) e R$ 831,03 (Oriximiná). A RMOF da extração foi de R$ 24,69, R$ 23,98 e R$ 26,47, respectivamente, próxima ao custo de oportunidade evidenciado na região de estudo. A extração da castanhado-pará apresentou-se financeiramente viável para os extrativistas, com a remuneração da mão de obra familiar igual ou superior ao custo de oportunidade da região, sendo mais uma fonte de renda para os comunitários da Amazônia, além de promover a conservação da floresta. Palavras-chave:Bertholletia excelsa, mão de obra familiar, produto florestal não madeireiro. Potential of Brazil nut Extraction to Generate Income in the Communities of the Lower Amazon Mesoregion, Brazil ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to characterize the extraction and analyze the financial viability of Brazil nut extraction in three municipalities in the Lower Amazon Mesoregion, state of Para, Brazil. Interviews were conducted with 40 workers and 9 dealers selected by intentional nonprobabilistic sampling. Economic viability was estimated by extraction cost, net revenue (NR), family labor remuneration (FLR), and family labor income (FLI). The following amounts of FLI were recorded: R$ 2,419.56 (Almeirim), R$ 983.22 (Obidos) and R$ 831.03 (Oriximiná). The FLR amounts for extraction were R$ 24.69, R$ 23.98, and R$ 26.47, respectively for the municipalities above mentioned, which were close to the opportunity cost for the study region. The extraction of Brazil nuts appears to be financially viable for extraction workers, with family labor remuneration equals or greater than the opportunity cost of the region. Besides promoting the conservation of the forest, this activity is also an extra source of income for the Amazonian community.
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