The purpose of this study was to obtain research information about the anticancer and antioxidant potential of Pasote leaf powder extract. Anticancer testing was carried out by the MTT test method on P388 leukemia cells. The antioxidant test was carried out by the DPPH method and determined by UV-Vis Spectro at a wavelength of 517 nm. Data analysis with the Origin Lab program for anticancer, and Excel programs for antioxidant data analysis. Pasote water extract has anticancer activity potential category as an anticancer with IC50 of 0.105 μg / mL. The results of the antioxidant testing of Pasote water included in the medium category with an IC50 value of 50.736 µg/mL. This shows that Pasote leaf water has the potential to be made antioxidant and is not different from antioxidant vitamin C. The conclusion is Pasote leaf water has the potential to be used as an anticancer and antioxidant.

Asap rokok merupakan polusi udara yang dapat membahayakan tubuh, seperti meningkatkan kadar SGPT dan SGOT darah. Daun cengkeh diduga mengandung senyawa fitokimia seperti minyak atsiri, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, eugenol, polifenol, vitamin C dan E berpotensi menurunkan kadar SGPT dan SGOT darah yang menandakan perbaikan sel hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek seduhan daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) terhadap penurunan SGPT dan SGOT darah tikus. Penelitian ini menggunakan Tikus Rattus norvegicus sebanyak 12 ekor yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan. Tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah kadar SGPT dan SGOT darah tikus. Data yang didapat, dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian seduhan daun cengkeh 0.09g/ekor/hari selama 14 hari belum mampu menurunkan kadar SGPT dan SGOT dalam darah tikus yang terpapar asap rokok 10 batang/ekor/hari selama 14 hari. Selanjutnya, pemberian seduhan daun cengkeh 0.18 g/kg BB/hari selama 14 hari mampu menurunkan kadar SGPT dan SGOT dalam darah tikus yang terpapar asap rokok 10 batang/ekor/hari 14 hari.

Through mosquito bites, parasites of the genus Plasmodium spread the disease known as malaria. Malaria-carrying mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles sp. One secure method of controlling the Anopheles sp. mosquito population is biological mosquito control. Since the biological method does not use chemicals but rather the phytochemicals found in plants, one of which contains compounds from the male breadfruit flower and is capable of acting as a vegetable larvicide or mosquito repellent. The aims of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of electric mosquito mats that contain male breadfruit flowers to kill or cause mosquitoes (Anopheles sp.) to die. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used for the experiment. The results showed a change in the mortality of Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae. After exposure to breadfruit flower mat doses of 0.5gr, 1gr, 1.5gr, 2gr compared to no administration. Thus, it was concluded that male breadfruit flower mats with concentrations of 0.5gr, 1gr, 1.5gr, and 2gr had an insecticidal effect on the mortality of Anopheles sp. mosquitoes. with an effective concentration of 2gr (96.5% mortality), of which 50% mortality (LC50) of Anopheles sp. larvae. Occurred at a concentration of ethanol extract of male breadfruit flowers dose 0.36gr.

Background: Smoking is the leading cause of death in worldwide and is known as one of the risk factors in the development and pathogenesis of several diseases and most are respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with negative health consequences including respiratory tract infection, asthma, and cancer. One of the pathogenesis that has known to cause these diseases is inflammation. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a medicinal herb that contains  Allicin and other active constituents that are known to have anti-inflammatory ability by suppressing the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines that will cause inflammation. Objective: The aim of this study is; to analyze the anti-inflammatory action of Allium sativum ethanol extract to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model. Methods: This is a case-control study with five groups of rats each group contains of three rats. The five groups were negative control (KN), 10 days (10d) smoker (K1), 20 days (20d) smoker (K2), 20d smoker treated with Allium sativum for 10 days (K3) and 20d smoker treated with Allium sativum for 20 days (K4). After 20 days all animals were sacrificed and histological preparation of lung organs was observed under a microscope with 100 dan 400 times magnification and then captured by photomicrograph for analyzed. Results: There were improvements in lung structure both in group K3 and K4 . there was a decrease of leucocytes and inflammatory cells infiltration that covered almost all alveolar surface to 10-20% surface area and the dilated alveoli decrease from more than 50% to less than 30% area. The bronchus was clean in both two groups compared to the groups that were not treated with Allium sativum Conclusion: This study shows that Allium sativum ethanol extract has the ability to prevent lung damage in the smoker rat model.

Kebar grass contains vitamin A and vitamin E, which are antioxidant compounds that are thought to improve the blood picture of rats that are disturbed due to the exposure of the free radicals from cigarette smoke. The purpose of this study was to determine the neutrophil and lymphocyte profiles of rat pups of the does which treated with the ethanol extract of kebar grass (Bhiophitum petersianum Klotzsch) due to the exposure toward the cigarette smoke. This study used an experimental method by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of 4 (four) treatment groups and 3 (three) replications. After the treatment, all groups of does were mated and the pups that were born would be taken 3 in each group as a replication, and then their blood would be taken to analyze the neutrophils and lymphocytes. The data which successfully obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that there was a change in the neutrophil and lymphocyte profiles of rat pups from does which were treated with ethanol extract of kebar grass due to the exposure toward cigarette smoke, in which there was an increase in the percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes (P<0.05), where an increase in the percentage of neutrophils to normal direction while the increase in the percentage of lymphocytes occurred continuously. The increase in lymphocytes is strongly suspected to be due to the administration of ethanol extract of kebar grass which contains flavonoids, resulting in the proliferation of lymphocytes as antibody products.