ABSTRACT:In the present work, the natural radioactivity of surrounding soil samples collected from Assuit cement factory (Egypt) have been measured by using NaI(Tl) detector. Gamma analysis for each sample along with the calculated specific activities shows that the average concentrations of 0.256, 0.346, 0.691, 0.157, 0.212 mSv y −1 and 0.0572 mSv y −1 respectively. All these values were found to be lower than the permissibility limit value.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of gamma-ray oxidation stress (ionization of biological cell as sperm) on the adult chicken reproductive system. In this research, we used cocks chicken at 36-54 weeks of age and find the importance of semen volume in (ml / brid / ejac). Concentration in (Million cells / ml.) and total sperm (Million cells / ejaculation). The value of semen volume, semen concentration and total sperm significantly increased with increased age of cock chicken but not at all ages, only at limited ages considered as control group. These values were found at irradiation with low dose rate (low intensity) of gamma ray (33, 42, and 75 mGy/h) which is a chronic dose rate (long time of irradiation) at 8 h/day for 40 days, which was significant decrease with increase low dose rate gradually. The semen volume decrease ratio with irradiation doses of approximately 5-14% and with semen concentration of approximately 5-12% for three chronic low doses relative to the control group for each cock generation. The average value of both groups showed a substantial decrease in all parameters with increased gamma radiation dose levels. The current study also aimed to identify the problems that may arise from exposure to a slow and equal dose of radiation on certain sperm parameters for a relatively long period of time and to compare them with the findings of previous work on the same mechanism and Use of sunflower seed oil as a protective and protective material against oxidative stresses resulting from radiation exposure and work Reducing its percentage, especially on certain sperm parameters in male chickens.

This work aims to measure the concentrations of radionuclides of natural radioactivity of the three elements (40K, 238U, and 232Th), were determined in 24 soil samples, collected from Al- Azezia district of Wasit Governorate. They were studied and then evaluated. The standard sources are used for calibration of radiation activity by gamma spectrometer NaI (TI). The radioactivity of natural isotopes 40K, 238U and 232Th has been estimated. The results showed the radio activities of element in this study were within the acceptable standard levels. In addition, the radium equivalent activity, average air volume, annual effective dose rate and external risk index were assessed and found to be among the internationally tolerable values. The radioactivity of nuclides of 40K, 238U and 232Th in Al- Azezia district were calculated. The radioactivity of, 238U ranged from (0. 60±1. 71) to (17. 69 ±4. 70) Bq / kg with an average of (9. 145±3. 20) Bq / kg, while it was for 232Th ranged from (14. 55±1. 64) to (42. 386+1. 95) Bq / Kg with an average of (30. 42±2. 31) Bq / Kg and40K ranged from (119. 252+2. 06)to(170. 562+2. 74)Bq / kg with an average (146. 438+2. 40) Bq / Kg also, it is found that the average of radiological effects like the radium equivalent (Raeq), the absorbed dose Rate (Dr), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), representative gamma hazard index (Iγ), the effective dose equivalent (AEDE) lifetime the excess cancer risk (ELCR) due to natural radioactivity in soil samples for depth(0-15)cm were (66. 63±5. 37) Bq/Kg and (27. 18±1. 91) nGy/h, (0. 36±0. 01), (0. 69±0. 02), (0. 48±0. 02). (0. 66 ±0. 02) and (0. 30±0. 01) x10−3respectively, there for no significant radiological hazard in Al- Azezia district.

The specific activity of natural and artificial radioactive elements in nine soil samples at different locations of southern Al-Dora region, Baghdad governorate, Iraq were measured and analysed by using a gamma ray detector NaI (Tl). The average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs are found to be 38.22 Bq/Kg, 42.99 Bq/Kg, 16.64 Bq/Kg and 2.92 Bq/Kg, respectively. Several radiological hazard indices including radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rate (D), internal (Hin) and external (Hex) hazard indices, internal (AEDEin) and external (AEDEex) annual effective dose equivalent and gamma ray index (Iγr) are calculated. The findings of all radiological hazard indices are lower than their international values. This study discloses that most locations in study area are safe from any radiological risks.