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This study uncovered inhibiting factors to cost performance in large construction projects of Malaysia. Questionnaire survey was conducted among clients and consultants involved in large construction projects. In the questionnaire, a total of 35 inhibiting factors grouped in 7 categories were presented to the respondents for rating significant level of each factor. A total of 300 questionnaire forms were distributed. Only 144 completed sets were received and analysed using advanced multivariate statistical software of Structural Equation Modelling (SmartPLS v2). The analysis involved three iteration processes where several of the factors were deleted in order to make the model acceptable. The result of the analysis found that R 2 value of the model is 0.422 which indicates that the developed model has a substantial impact on cost performance. Based on the final form of the model, contractor's site management category is the most prominent in exhibiting effect on cost performance of large construction projects. This finding is validated using advanced techniques of power analysis. This vigorous multivariate analysis has explicitly found the significant category which consists of several causative factors to poor cost performance in large construction projects. This will benefit all parties involved in construction projects for controlling cost overrun.

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Time Overrun is one of the most significant issues being faced by the construction industry today. There are various factors responsible for the time overrun which require serious attention to understand and address in order to achieve successful completion of projects on time. This is because time overrun has great impact to construction cost which can never be recovered. Thirty (30) large construction projects in Malaysia were identified facing Time Overrun during construction. Out of 30 projects, 17 (56.67%) projects were caused by 1-100 days time overrun, 5 (16.67%) projects in between 101 to 200 days, 5 (16.67%) projects 201 to 300 days whereas 3 (10%) projects were delayed for time period above 300 days. A structured questionnaire was conducted amongst personnel of project management consultants (PMC). The data was analyzed statistically to calculate the causes mean rank of time overrun. It also computed the level of agreement with Kendall"s formula. Dominating factors affecting time overrun are cash flow & financial difficulties faced by contractors, contractor"s poor site management, and inadequate contractor experience, shortage of site works and ineffective planning & scheduling. The results of this study will enhance the selection process of awarding construction job to the contractor.

This study investigated the effect of various factors affecting cost performance in achieving project success. Investigation was carried out with quantitative approach of questionnaire survey to understand the perception of practitioners involved in construction industry towards various factors in causing cost overrun. The targeted respondents were client, contractor, and consultant representative involved in handling small scale projects in Malaysia. A total of 54 completed responses were collected against 100 sets of questionnaire distributed. Collected questionnaires were analyzed with advance multivariate statistical approach of Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). It modeled the relationship of various factors and their relative effects to cost overrun. Structural Model analysis results showed that the identified factors have overall substantial impact on cost overrun. This was assessed with convergent and discriminant validity test where R² value for the model is 0.71 which means that 71% variance extraction is resulted from investigated factors. Further, GoF value of the model achieved is 0.70 which shows that developed structural model has substantial power in explaining the factors of cost overrun in small scale projects of Malaysia. Amongst all the factors, contractor’s site management related factors are found as most significant factors. This indicated that for achieving better cost performance in small projects, contractors are required to improve their management related to the identified factors. Beside that, these findings will benefit parties involved in managinging cost performance of small scale construction projects.