Global health systems face shortages of resources and, above all, money, with a simultaneous increase in health spending, as well as doubts about their effectiveness. In addition, there is a growing sense of greater achievement of the essential goal of clinical effectiveness. In the face of these problems, many centres are working on a new system of financing healthcare providers, primarily hospitals, which provide the most expensive medical services. In the opinion of the authors, an essential element for the implementation of VBHC is a comprehensive knowledge of hospitals, health care, the economy, public finances and the behaviour of members of society, based on KPIs. The work on these is not well advanced, and it seems that without the knowledge of economic and social determinants, it will not be possible to implement an affective VBHC model. Therefore, in the present article, after presenting the current state of research regarding the VBHC, personalised medicine as a prerequisite for achieving clinical effectiveness, and KPIs as a prerequisite for achieving economic efficiency, the authors focus on economic and sociological KPIs. The knowledge gained from this study is necessary to make effective decisions for the appropriate operation of healthcare as a system, and of hospitals in particular.