Background and Objective: Breast implant surgery for cosmetic purposes is the most popular plastic surgery and it has been performed for over 100 years. Rupture of silicone gel-filled breast implants usually is asymptomatic and is one of the more dangerous complications due to free silicone migration. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound (US) in the evaluation of the integrity of silicone breast implants and identify the main sign of intact and ruptured breast implants. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical documentation of women who underwent breast implant surgery and US checkups at Tautrimas Aštrauskas Clinic in Kaunas, Lithuania, during 2015–2020 was analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with intact and ruptured breast implants. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) as well as the signs of implant integrity of US examination were evaluated. Results: In this study, 76 women with bilateral breast implants (n = 152) were reviewed. On a US examination, ruptured implants were found in 41.1% (n = 61) of the cases; of them, 78.7% (n = 48) of the cases had ≥2 US signs of a ruptured implant, and in all these cases, implant rupture was confirmed at surgery. Overall, one US sign of a ruptured implant was found in 21.3% (n = 13) of the cases. Of them, inhomogeneous content in all cases (n = 3) was found in the intact implant group, and an abnormal implant shell was documented more often in the ruptured implant group, not intact one (n = 9, 90% vs. n = 1, 10%). US had a diagnostic accuracy of 94.7%, sensitivity of 98.3%, specificity of 89.2%, PPV of 93.4%, and NPV of 97.1% in the evaluation of implant integrity. Conclusions: Our results show that US is a very reliable alternative in evaluating breast implant integrity and could be the investigation of choice for implant rupture, while MRI could be advocated only in inconclusive cases. Uneven implant shell was found to be the most important US sign of breast implant rupture. Based on the findings, we recommend performing US examination after breast augmentation surgery with silicone gel-filled implants annually.
Įvadas. 2020 kovo 11 dieną Pasaulio sveikatos organizacija paskelbė Covid-19 pandemiją, kuri užklupo daugelį sveikatos sistemų nepasiruošusias, sveikatos įstaigoms teko perskirstyti turimus išteklius Covid-19 pacientams. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti planinių ortopedinių traumatologinių paslaugų prieinamumo pokyčius Covid-19 pandemijos metu. Metodai. Retrospektyvus tyrimas, kurio populiacija buvo vieno ortopedo traumatologo planingai konsultuoti ir operuoti pacientai LSMU Kauno ligoninės Chirurgijos klinikoje (Hipodromo g. 13) nuo 2019 m. liepos 16 d. iki 2020 lapkričio 9 dienos. Tiriamieji buvo suskirstyti į 3 grupes, kurios buvo palygintos tarpusavyje: G1 – operacijos iki pirmojo karantino Lietuvoje (2020 m. kovo 16 d.) (143 pacientai); G2 – pacientai, kurių pirmoji planinė ortopedo traumatologo konsultacija buvo iki 2020 kovo 16 d., o operacija po šios datos (44 pacientai); G3 – tiriamieji, kurių pirmoji planinė ortopedo traumatologo konsultacija ir operacija buvo po 2020 kovo 16 d. (61 pacientas). Statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant IBM SPSS statistinės įrangos paketo 26 versiją. Rezultatai. Nuo 2019 m. liepos 16 d. iki 2020 m. kovo 15 d. ortopedas traumatologas atliko 1547 planines konsultacijas ir 225 planines operacijas, o nuo 2020 m. kovo 16 d. iki 2020 m. lapkričio 9 d. 812 planinių konsultacijų ir 127 planines operacijas. Vidutinis operacijų (3,6±1,4) ir konsultacijų (17,6±1,6) skaičius per darbo dieną operacinėje ir poliklinikoje prieš pirmąjį karantiną Lietuvoje buvo statistiškai reikšmingai didesnis, nei po karantino: atitinkamai 3,0±1,0 (p=0,035) ir 13,5±2,0 (p<0,001). G2 grupės pacientų laukimo laiko nuo pirmos konsultacijos iki antros (p=0,001ab, p<0,001bc), nuo traumos iki operacijos (p=0,004ab, p<0,001bc) ir nuo pirmos konsultacijos iki operacijos (p<0,001ab, p<0,001bc) medianos buvo statistiškai reikšmingai didesnės, lyginant su G1 ir G3 grupėmis. G1 grupės laukimo laiko mediana nuo traumos iki operacijos (p=0,036ac) ir nuo pirmos konsultacijos iki operacijos (p=0,006ac) buvo statistiškai reikšmingai didesnė, negu G3 grupės. Išvados . Ortopedo traumatologo planinių konsultacijų ir operacijų skaičius nuo pirmojo karantino Lietuvoje paskelbimo pradžios (2020 m. kovo 16 d.) iki antrojo karantino Lietuvoje pradžios (2020 m. lapkričio 9 d.) buvo beveik dvigubai mažesnis, lyginant su tokiu pačiu laikotarpiu prieš karantiną. Atnaujinus planines ortopedines traumatologines paslaugas po pirmojo karantino Lietuvoje, pacientų srautas buvo mažesnis negu iki karantino, todėl sutrumpėjo laukimo laikas nuo traumos ir pirmos planinės ortopedo traumatologo konsultacijos iki operacijos. Pacientai, kuriems pirmoji planinė ortopedo traumatologo konsultacija buvo atlikta prieš karantiną, o operacija po jo, ilgiau laukė nuo pirmos konsultacijos iki antros, nuo traumos ir pirmos konsultacijos iki operacijos, lyginant su tais, kurie buvo operuoti iki karantino ar gavo pirmąją konsultaciją ir buvo operuoti po karantino.
Background: Limited data exists addressing the daily use of anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) patients before and after electrical cardioversion (ECV) or catheter ablation procedures. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the appropriateness of anticoagulant therapy. Methods: We evaluated the prescribed dosage of anticoagulant therapy for 257 non-valvular AF and AFL patients scheduled for ECV or catheter ablation and the appropriateness of periprocedural anticoagulation according to European Society of Cardiology (ESC) AF Guidelines. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software (v.26.0). Results: The majority of the patients (84%) used nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) for pre-procedural anticoagulation. An intervention was not performed for 12.2% of warfarin users because of insufficient hypocoagulation, while anamnesis of patients’ missed doses with a possibility of inadequate hypocoagulation occurred only in 1.9% of patients on NOACs. The odds of having insufficient pre-procedural hypocoagulation were 7.4 times higher for warfarin users compared to the NOACs group (p=0.001, OR=7.4). An incorrect NOAC dose was assigned to 22 (8.6%) patients. Rivaroxaban was the most prescribed NOAC and this group of patients had the highest percentage of incorrect dosage according to the ESC guidelines. Conclusions: Mistakes of prescribing the dosage of anticoagulant therapy are common. The majority of the patients in the study were prescribed with NOACs before and after ECV or catheter ablation procedures. Warfarin users had higher odds of the intervention not being performed and not reaching sufficient hypocoagulation prior to the procedure compared to NOACs users.
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