No abstract

-Introduction:This study includes the evaluation of the use of drugs of abuse ratio in leisure environments, in order to determine which drugs are the most widely used, which are normally used in poly-consumption. Methods: Total sample rise to 216 cases which were collected on the road by traffic police and analyzed by an on-theroad driving test of possible consumption. Positive samples were confirmed by GC/MS-MS. Results: It was detected positive samples for the studied drugs (cocaine, heroin metabolites (6-MAM), amphetamines/methamphetamines and cannabinoids (Δ 9 -THC)). Sample shows a high degree of poly-consumption of different drugs differently distributed. The most widely detected drug of abuse as a single consumption has been cannabis and cocaine. The rest of the drugs were always mixed. The greater combination in poly-consumption is cannabis-cocaine. Conclusions: It is important to notice the high ratio of positive results in drivers. However, the tendency to poly-consumption of drugs of abuse mixed with alcohol is confirmed. Thus, it is necessary to consider the mixed/alternated use of ethylometers and on-the road detection kits of drugs of abuse in oral fluid to improve the traffic security.

No abstract

In recent years, the interest in oral fluid as a biological matrix has significantly increased, particularly for detecting driving under the influence of drugs. In this study, the concentration of cocaine and its relationship with clinical symptoms in drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs was evaluated. A total of 154 samples of oral fluid, which tested positive for cocaine in previous immunoassay screening, Cozart Drug Detector System, were confirmed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. In Catalonia, during 2007-2010, there were 1791 samples positive for cocaine among a total of 3468 samples taken from drivers who tested positive for any drug of abuse. The evaluation of clinical symptoms was through a questionnaire that was filled in by the police officers who collected the samples. The mean concentration of cocaine was 4.11 mg/l and median concentration was 0.38 mg/l (range 0.01-345.64 mg/l). Clinical impairment symptoms such as motor coordination, walking, speech, mood and state of pupils were not significant. The testing of oral fluids presents fewer ethical problems than blood or urine.

No abstract