La eficiencia es un tema importante a la hora de analizar el sector público, y de mayor interés cuando se mira hacia el sector salud. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar la eficiencia de los hospitales públicos de nivel I en los departamentos de Córdoba, Sucre y Valle del Cauca, dada su alta percepción de corrupción y, con ello, ubicarlos en cuartiles. Se obtuvo una base de datos con 612 registros de hospitales públicos de nivel I de los 32 departamentos de la República de Colombia, de los cuales se filtraron los mismos bajo criterios de percepción de corrupción. Se realizó un estudio empírico mediante análisis envolvente de datos –DEA–. Como resultado, los hospitales más eficientes pertenecen al departamento de Córdoba y los más ineficientes son los del departamento del Valle del Cauca.

Purpose A large part of the most recent studies in innovation focuses on the need to investigate the cultural differences between countries. Many of the approaches used focus on Hofstede as the most recognized perspective in international business. The Hofstede perspective requires a deeper analysis of the most profound components in the countries, such as values and beliefs. The purpose of this study is identify the drivers in creating innovation trajectories over time, focusing on different values that influence the innovation processes. These trajectories allow investigating the comparability in the innovation performance of the countries. Design/methodology/approach Time-series analysis is performed to achieve the research’s goal, considering the innovation inputs and people’s values and influence on innovation output. The Global Innovation Index and the World Value Survey (WVS), which comprise data from countries on different continents, were used in this investigation. The trajectories analysis technique examines differences in innovation trajectory among countries with cultural orientations toward traditional, secular, survival and self-expression values. Findings In the literature, it can be found that in more socially open societies, the results in innovation are higher than in societies with opposite values, as is the case of traditional vs secular rationale. On the other hand, societies with a tendency toward self-expression will be characterized by a constant search for individual liberties that promote the search for scientific and technological alternatives for problem-solving, contrary to those with survival characteristics. Research limitations/implications Considering the results obtained in the study about the values and their relationship with innovation at the country level, the main limitation is the WVS information. This limitation is based on the need to complement the information obtained with other sources of information that allow comparisons to be made from the different cultural approaches that exist. Practical implications The findings allow us to contemplate a more general vision of the cultural factors that affect the social dynamics and, therefore, the industrial and commercial dynamics of a country. The managers can use this type of results in the design of strategies that allow them to contemplate adaptation processes that are more appropriate to the cultural contexts in which they operate are worked on in this research. Social implications One of the main contributions is related to the possibility of understanding the relationship between the cultural dynamics of a country and the results in innovation, especially in the time. Originality/value The trajectory analysis, specifically Inglehard’s perspective concerning cultural dimensions and innovation, has not been used in the literature. This type of analysis will make it possible to have studies that allow subsequent comparisons to be made with other perspectives, especially at the country level.

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