Cleft lip and palate is a common congenital defect that is associated with various functional, aesthetic and psychosocial problems. The objective of this article is to share a brief overview of cleft and lip palate classification, aetiology, complications and management, particularly aimed at non-specialists. The literature suggests that the use of iliac crest bone in secondary alveolar bone grafting (ABG) still seems to be the favoured technique for cleft lip and palate repair. In conclusion, we suggest that advances in bone morphogenic proteins may be the key to further advancement in ABG.

Giant cell arteritis is a systemic immune-mediated vasculitis affecting the medium and large arteries. Typical symptoms include new headache, jaw claudication, tender temporal artery, polymyalgia rheumatica, fever and anorexia. Visual loss resulting from giant cell arteritis is an ophthalmic emergency and requires immediate assessment and referral to the ophthalmologist for prompt treatment with steroids. This article provides a systematic approach to the diagnosis and management of giant cell arteritis.