Expansion of industrial areas, aquaculture, settlements, and limited knowledge of the community about the function of mangroves allegedly led to the conversion of mangrove functions in the early 1990s. This study aimed to map the condition of mangroves from 1988, 1990, 1995, 2008, to 2021 and their effect on the widespread of tidal flooding in three villages (Mangkang Kulon, Mangunharjo, Mangkang Wetan) in Tugu subdistrict, Semarang City. The research method was carried out by using spatiotemporal analysis of Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 imagery through the supervised approach (Maximum Likelihood algorithm). In order to map the correlation of mangrove damage with the widespread impact of tidal flooding, an overlay analysis of land use maps was carried out in 1988, 1990, 1995, 2008 and 2021. The results of the study showed that mangrove damage is correlated with the widespread of tidal flooding that drowns settlements, ponds, and agricultural land. Data analysis showed that the mangrove area in three villages has decreased from 1988 to 2021, covering an area of 242.66 ha. This condition is one of the triggers for the increase in tidal flooding area from 1988 to 2021, covering an area of 253.135 ha. As a natural barrier to prevent abrasion and tidal flooding, mangrove conservation is very necessary, considering the impact of tidal flooding on the coast of Semarang City is increasingly widespread.

Major cities of the world have realized the importance of developing green-minded cities as part of dealing with global climate change. The concept of urban farming as one of the offer solutions that comes with a method of agricultural activities in the city by utilizing limited areas, such as the Surabaya area. as a busy city and a dense road traffic activity is one of the challenges of the Surabaya region in developing green space based on Regional Regulation number 7 of 2002 concerning the management of green open spaces. On the other hand, the development of information and communication technology has stepped in the industrial era 4.0, one of which is the presence of Internet of Things (IoT) technology based on Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. The method used in this paper is descriptive qualitative and experimental-based product development. The focus area of the analysis is the implementation of Regional Regulation 7/2002 and its implementation in the field, while the proposed product development is monitoring environmental parameters such as plant temperature, ambient humidity, soil moisture level and light intensity processed for automation control of urban agricultural irrigation. The results show that the Surabaya city government has consistently implemented the local regulation through various activities and is supported by all components of Surabaya residents, while the IoT-based product development shows that this technology can be applied and accepted by the Surabaya urban farming community.