AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk prangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) yang dapat membelajarkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa SMP. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan meliputi Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Aktivitas Siswa (LAS), Buku Pegangan Guru (BPG) dan Buku Siswa (BS) pada materi himpunan untuk siswa kelas VII SMP. Selain itu dikembangkan Juga instrumen tes Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika (KPMM). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (development research) dengan model 4D Thiagarajan, dkk. (1974) yang meliputi tahap pendefenisian (define), tahap perencanaan (design), tahap pengembangan (develop) dan tahap penyebaran (disseminate). Tahapan pengembangan yang dilakukan menerapkan ujicoba produk. Proses tahap pengembangan yang dilakukan melibatkan sampel penelitian yaitu siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Tambangan sebagai proses uji keterbacaan/simulasi dan siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tambangan sebagai kelas ujicoba lapangan. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumen dan tes. Penelitian yang dilakukan memberikan kesimpulan bahwa dihasilkan produk perangkat pembelajaran matematika realistik yang baik/valid untuk topik himpunan untuk siswa kelas VII SMP. AbstractThe aims of the study are to produce the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) device to teach of students’ problem solving ability on Mathematics to the Junior High School. Education device development consists of Lesson Plan, Students Activity sheet, Teachers’ Book, and Students’ Book on set matter to the seventh grade students. In the other hand, instrument of problem solving ability was developed. This study is research and development on Four-D Thiagarajan et.al (1974) consists of define, design, develop and disseminate. Steps of development consists test of product. The sample of study is the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Tambangan as the simulation test and the SMP Negeri 1 Tambangan as the test. The data is collected through document and test. The result of the study is produced the good and valid Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) device on set matter to teach the seventh grade students.
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang diberi pembelajaran dengan pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) pada materi segi empat pokok bahasan persegi dan persegi panjang. Jenis penelitian adalah studi kasus deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII(6) SMP Negeri 15 Medan yang berjumlah 40 orang, kemudian diangkat subjek yang dianalisis secara kualitatif ditinjau dari aspek indikator kemampuan (tinggi, sedang dan rendah), aspek kesalahan dan aspek jawaban kosong. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari: Tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis dan lembar panduan wawancara. Teknik analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa 22,5% kategori tinggi, 37,5% kategori sedang dan 40% kategori rendah. Selanjutnya melalui analisis kualitatif diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa: 1) Siswa berkemampuan tinggi yaitu mampu dalam berkomunikasi secara matematis dengan baik; 2) Siswa berkemampuan sedang kurang mampu dalam bekomunikasi secara matematis; 3) Siswa berkemampuan rendah tidak mampu berkomunikasi secara matematis; 4) Kesalahan siswa terjadi dalam memahami permasalahan, menggunakan konsep-konsep dan langkah-langkah yang dibutuhkan untuk penyelesaian masalah; 5) Pada jawaban kosong siswa tidak mampu memahami langkah-langkah penyelesaian masalah, siswa kurang mampu dalam menggunakan dan menerapkan operasi hitung, siswa tidak mampu memahami konsep-konsep dalam penyelesaian masalah. Kata kunci: analisis kualitatif; komunikasi matematika; matematika realistik This article aims to describe the quality of mathematical communication skills of students who are given learning with Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach on rectangular material, square and rectangular subject matter. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive case study. The subjects of this study were students of class VII(6) of SMP Negeri 15 Medan totaling 40 people, then the subject was analyzed qualitatively from the aspect of capability indicators (high, medium and low), Error aspects and empty answer aspects. The research instrument consisted of mathematical communication skills test and interview guide sheet. Data analysis techniques included data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that students' mathematical communication skills were 22.5% in the high category, 37.5% in the medium category and 40% in the low category. Furthermore, through qualitative analysis, it was concluded that: 1) Students with high abilities are able to communicate mathematically well; 2) Students with average abilities are less capable in communicating mathematically; 3) Low-ability students are not able to communicate mathematically; 4) Student errors occur in understanding problems, using concepts and steps needed to solve problems; 5) In the empty answer students are not able to understand the problem solving steps, students are less able to use and apply the counting operation, students are not able to understand the concepts in solving problems. Keywords: qualitative analysis; mathematical communication; realistic mathematics
AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa melalui pembelajaran matematika realistik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tidakan kelas yang meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII-1 SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan dengan jumlah siswa 26 orang. Objek penelitian adalah kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang diberi pembelajaran matematika realistik pada materi bilangan pecahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran matematika realistik memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan pada: 1) Nilai rata-rata kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa 79,79 pada siklus I dan 84,71 pada siklus II; 2) Aktivitas aktif siswa dalam pembelajaran dengan pembelajaran matematika realistik dikategorikan efektif yakni memperoleh persentase 80% pada siklus I dan 90% efektif pada siklus dua dengan kriteria keefektifan ≥ 80%; 3) Capaian ketuntasan kalasikal kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa 73,08% pada siklus I dan 88,46% pada siklus II dengan nilai minimal ketuntasan klasikal 85%. Abstract (The Aplication of Realistic Mathematics Educations to Improve students’ mathematical communication Skills)This study aims to improve students' mathematical communication skills through realistic mathematics education. The research method used is classroom action research which includes the stages of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research subjects were students of class VII-1 of SMP Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan with a total of 26 students. The object of research is the mathematical communication skills of students who are given realistic mathematics education on fraction material. The results showed that the application of realistic mathematics education had a positive impact on the improvement of students 'mathematical communication skills as indicated by an increase in: 1) The average value of students' mathematical communication skills was 79.79 in cycle I and 84.71 in cycle II; 2) The active activity of students in learning with realistic mathematics learning is categorized as effective, namely obtaining 80% percentage in the first cycle and 90% effective in the second cycle with the effectiveness criteria ≥ 80%; 3) Achievement of Kalasikal completeness of students' mathematical communication skills is 73.08% in cycle I and 88.46% in cycle II with a minimum grade of 85% classical completeness.
This paper presents the optical properties of erbium doped tellurite glasses with the composition of 55TeO2-2Bi2O3-35ZnO-5PbO-(3-x)Na2O-xEr2O3 where x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mol% . Refractive index of the glasses was measured using Brewster’s angle method and their optical absorption spectra were measured in spectral range 200 – 1100 nm recorded at room temperature. The results show that the glass refractive index increases with the increase of Er3+ ion content in the glass and the optical band gap energy decreases with the increase of erbium content in the glass.
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