One of the main design tasks of indoor space is to achieve human comfort. Cross ventilation systems are numerous but to propose a natural system that could be easily applied in different weather conditions is challenging. This study focuses on how to apply cross-ventilation by the direct and indirect driven wind. The research aims is to enhance design decisions by utilising venturi or stagnation conditions. This can be achieved by different openings and wall distributions that can help control wind velocities naturally in indoor spaces hence providing human comfort and at the same time save energy. By utilizing a simulation tool (ANSYS), it was found that in a moderately hot climate zone slightly windy, by a simple venturi proposed air velocity intervention air velocity can increase up to 42% of average outdoor air velocity between 2m/s and 8 m/s and by utilizing stagnation condition air velocity can reduce up to 55% of average outdoor air velocity between 2m/s to 8 m/s. The main aim of this research is to propose a design prototype for different types of indoor space such as hotel room prototypes to achieve natural comfortable ventilated living spaces.
Murals have been related with architecture and urbanism throughout human history with its various civilizations. It does not represent an addition to the architectural and urban entity, but it enters the heart of their fabric and participates primarily in their formation and style. The architectural entity or the urban space may derive its importance from what the murals offer from different themes that make them have the ability to change the sense of the dimensions of the spatial space and its feeling which give a completely different feeling than if the walls were barren and devoid of them. As entities, they are considered one of the most important visual determinants of space in addition to their role as one of the aesthetics used in architecture and expressing the social and cultural identity of societies. Moreover, it is a powerful means of linking the past to the present and documenting the most important events affecting the entity of society expressing its cultural identity.This research paper presents an analysis of the various aspects that must be taken into consideration while designing murals in architectural and urban spaces. So design considerations, scientific and technical systems and standards were put forwared to govern the basics of mural design as well as the way to employ them as one of the elements of space in an integrated system. The designer should consider this to formulate murals according to a concept consistent with architecture and urbanism. 1. ar.wikipedia.org 2. Mary Korsted M rskker-Mupals Creating an Environment Davis Publications Woreester Massachascits.p.6 3.
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