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This manuscript instrumented two light-duty passenger cars to construct real-world driving cycles for the Baghdad-Basrah highway road in Iraq using a data logger. The recorded data is conducted to obtain typical speed profiles for each vehicle. Each of the recruited vehicles is modelized using Advanced Vehicle Simulator and conducted on the associated created driving cycle to investigate fuel economy and analyze performance. Moreover, to inspect the influence of driving behavior on fuel consumption and emissions, the simulation process is re-implemented by substituting the conducted real-world driving cycle. The analyses are done for the first and second stages of simulation predictions to explore the fuel-penalty of aggressive driving behavior. The analysis for substitution predictions showed that fuel consumption could be reduced by 12.8% due to conducting vehicle under the more consistent real-world driving cycle. However, conducting vehicle under the more aggressive one would increase fuel consumption by 14.6%. The associated emissions change prediction due to the substitution is also achieved and presented.

The objectives of this study is to evaluate the use of geothermal energy combined with conventional air-conditioner (A/C) and its contribution to reducing dependence on electrical energy. Assessment of geothermal sources in Diyala governorate. This experiment includes installing a combined system in the test room. The indoor and outdoor temperatures and relative humidity were calculated, as well as the calculation of borehole temperature, in addition to the energy efficiency ratio (EER) and coefficient of performance (COP) of the systems. The amount of electricity consumption in kWh was calculated. The most important findings in this experiment are: (1) The temperature of the well at a depth of (6m) is almost constant throughout the year, about 24. (2) Using the geothermal system alone in the test-room reduces the average indoor temperature by 8 within one day. (3) Iraq can benefit from the important geothermal energy and its sources, however, its use is still very limited and limited to scientific research only. (4) The experiment proved that the EER and COP of the geothermal system, the combined system and the window-type air-conditioner are 18.9, 9.8, 9.4, 5.54, 1.9 and 1.52 respectively.