Shape index was a good indicator to characterize species as well as for egg quality. It seems that shape index affected by genetic and environment factors. In this study, the aim was to determine the influence of genotype and age on the shape index. A total of 789 eggs were collected from four genetic lines (Black, Black with brown neck, White Shank feather and White non-Feathering shank) of the Kurdish Chickens when the hens 52 -65 week-old. Results indicated that significant differences were observed between the four genetic lines in shape index. White non-feathering shank (WNFS) followed by Black with brown neck (BBN) significantly (P ≤ 0.05) had higher shape index compared with Black (B) and White shank feather (WSF). Moreover, shape index did not significantly affected by interaction between different breeds and different period's age (week) due to the uniform of egg shape and because it falls within the normal range.

Ovulation in chicken is the process of emergence the egg yolk by controlling the steroid hormones, which is followed by oviposition that influence by several factors. Egg yolk is a huge oocyte contains fat in water emulsion with about 50% dry weight, its rounded and centrally located. The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of oviposition time on egg external traits (egg weight, egg length, egg breadth), yolk characteristics (yolk weight, yolk high, yolk diameter, yolk index, and the proportion of yolk weight to egg whole weight), and investigate the correlations between these characteristics by using Ross 308 hybrid. When the flock was 30 weeks age, 150 fertilizes egg was used, which collected in three times, Period (1) = 9:30 am, Period (2) = 11:30 am, and Period (3) = 1:30 pm, which supplied from KOSAR company. The results reveal significant differences between the times of collection for all the yolk characteristics and egg external traits. It does conclude the yolk characteristics were differs significantly between the oviposition times and the yolk weight was highly correlated with yolk diameter, egg breadth, and proportion of yolk weight to the whole egg weight.

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In the present study 40 samples of broiler feeds that obtained from commercial feed manufacturing company (concerning 21 from Iraqi manufactures and 19 from the Iranian manufactures) were analyzed for the incidence of Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin, T-2, Fumonisins, and Zearalenone mycotoxins. The result has shown that AF was detected in 16 samples 76.19% of the Iraqi manufactures and 16 samples 84.21% from the Iranian manufactures, in concentrations ranging from 1.00-23.00 μg/ kg, and 1.00-2.00 μg/ kg respectively. Prevalence of AF contamination revealed a significant association (P<0.05) between the Iraqi and Iranian manufactures, the highest prevalence was observed in Iranian samples 84.21%, whereas it least in Iraqi samples 76.19%. OCHRA toxin was detected in 21 samples 100% of the Iraqi manufactures and 19 samples 100% from the Iranian manufactures, in concentration ranging from 3.00-4.00 μg/ kg, and (2.00 -4.00) μg/ kg respectively. prevalence of OCHRA contamination revealed a non-significant (P>0.05) between the Iraqi and Iranian manufactures. T2 toxin was detected in 21 samples (100%) of the Iraqi manufactures and 19 samples (100%) from the Iranian manufactures, in concentration ranging from (2.00 -16.00) μg/ kg, and (2.00 -23.00) μg/ kg respectively. Prevalence of T2 contamination revealed a significant association (P<0.05) between the Iraqi and Iranian manufactures FUM3 toxin was detected in 21 samples (100%) of the Iraqi manufactures and 19 samples (100%) from the Iranian manufactures, in concentration ranging from (0.05 -5.00) μg/ kg, and (0.10 -2.50) μg/ kg respectively. Prevalence of FUM3 contamination revealed a significant association (P<0.05) between the Iraqi and Iranian manufactures, ZEAR3 toxin was detected in 15 samples (71.42%) of the Iraqi manufactures and 19 samples (100%) from the Iranian manufactures, in concentration ranging from (2.00 -76.00) μg/ kg, and (1.00 -41.00) μg/ kg respectively. Prevalence of ZEAR3 contamination revealed a significant association (P<0.05) between the Iraqi and Iranian manufactures, the highest prevalence was observed in Iranian samples (100%), whereas it least in Iraqi samples (71.42%).