The abundance of microplastics (MP) in the aquatic environment is increasingly disturbing for maritime countries, especially Indonesia, because it has the potential to threaten the health and sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. This review summarized and discussed the distribution of MP abundance in Indonesian aquatic ecosystems which concluded that rivers, bays and estuaries, beaches, seas, and even fish and shellfish have been contaminated. The highest contamination of MP was found in the waters of Jakarta, West Java, and East Java, which are densely populated areas. The potential threat of exposure and accumulation of MP to human health was also discussed. However, differences in the methods and units of measurement for MP as well as limited information regarding the interaction of MP with human organ functions are weaknesses in this review. The future research on the relationship between food and feeding habits of the community around contaminated waters with the accumulation of MP in the human body is needed to identify the prevention and treatment strategies.

Infectious diseases are included in the ten most common diseases in Indonesia. The disease can be overcome by the use of antimicrobials, one of which is antibiotics. Antibiotics are drugs used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Excessive use of antibiotics without clear indications can have an impact on the occurrence of bacterial resistance to these antibiotics. One of the bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics is Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the sensitivity of Escherichia coli isolated from raw water sources in Karawang to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Samples were obtained from irrigation water which is the source of raw water for one branch of Perumdam in Karawang. The samples were tested using Lactose Broth (LB) media, then confirmed using Eosin Methylene Blue (EMBA) media to confirm the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria equipped with Gram stain. Bacterial resistance test was carried out using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media with disc diffusion method. The results showed that the average diameter of the clear zone formed around the paper disc was 30.16 mm. The isolates showed intermediate results against the antibiotic ciprofloxacin.

Peel-off mask from the ethanolic extract of breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis F): formulation and antioxidant activity test using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assayFormulasi dan uji aktivitas antioksidan masker peel-off ekstrak etanol daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis F) dengan metode DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) atau sel punca mesenkim merupakan sel punca dewasa yang bersifat multipoten unik yang berasal dari sumsum tulang. MSCs memiliki sifat regeneratif yang luas dan imunomodulator yang dapat digunakan dalam perbaikan jaringan dan penyembuhan luka. MSCs juga mampu bermigrasi ke tempat peradangan, lokasi jaringan yang cedera, infeksi, dan tumor dengan imunomodulasi lingkungan mikro melalui kontak sel ke sel dan pelepasan faktor terlarut sehingga memfasilitasi adanya perbaikan pada jaringan yang rusak serta merespons kemokin, sitokin, dan faktor pertumbuhan. Berkat adanya karakteristik tersebut MSCs mulai gencar dikembangkan sebagai vektor terapi gen untuk berbagai penyakit termasuk kanker, IDD, epilepsi, gangguan pendengaran sensorineural hingga stroke iskemik. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel review ini yaitu dengan melakukan peninjauan terhadap literatur, sehingga di dapatkan 6 jurnal internasional yang diperoleh dari PubMed dan ScienceDirect yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi, sumber data dipublikasi paling lambat 10 tahun terakhir. Dari beberapa hasil penelitian praklinis yang dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa MSCs memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai sistem penghantaran obat berbasis sel generasi berikutnya, yang menjanjikan dalam terapi penyakit glioblastoma, gangguan pendengaran sensorineural, kanker kolekteral, epilepsi, stroke iskemik dan Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD). Namun pada pengembangannya masih ditemui adanya tantangan dalam sistem tersebut, sehingga MSCs saat ini masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut agar ke depannya dapat digunakan secara optimal sebagai sistem penghantaran obat serta dapat dikembangkan secara lebih luas.