While in the early neogene, tectonic and to a lesser extent climatic factors impacted on the sea level, at the present stage climatic, man-made and anthropogenic factors are at the forefront. As a result of an increase in the level of the Caspian Sea by more than 2.4 m, 35-40 thousand square meters km of territory was flooded, during the flooding and flooding of the coastal territory for the period 1978-1995 led to a change in natural, socio-economic and medico-ecological conditions. The consequences of rising sea levels led to the resettlement of about 100 thousand people living in the coastal flooded zone of the Northern Caspian Sea and many industrial facilities.

Aim. The aim of the research was to determine the pollution of bottom sediment  with  heavy  metals  around  artificial  islands  A  and  D,  where  hydrocarbon  raw  materials from the subsalt stratum are being extracted from island D, and where  production has not begun from island A. Investigations were carried out to compare  the content of heavy metals in bottom sediments around these artificial islands.   Material and Methods. The content of heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in  the bottom sediment in the region of artificial islands A and D was studied. Samples  were processed under laboratory conditions by standard methods. Measurement  of the content of heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn was made using an ICP‐MS  spectrometer,  and  of  Pb  was  made  using  a  ContAA‐600  atomic  absorption  spectrometer with electrometric atomization (with a HydrEA System Batch Mode  HS 55 modular hydride attachment).   Results. In 2017, the average concentration of all studied elements in the region of  island D was found to be higher than in the region of island A.   Conclusion. In all seasons of the research, values in excess of the Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC) of all pollutants was not found.

Method termoprogramirovannoy desorption (TPD) of oxygen was studied the state of oxygen on the surfacemodified vanadium catalysts. Found that the introduction of phosphorus into the catalyst promotes vanadiymolibdenovogo fraction of adsorbed oxygen participating in the oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride.

The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the Kashagan field has resumed oil and gas production, and up to this date more than 40 million tons of oil have been produced. In this regard, the study of the state of pollution of surface waters and its dynamics is relevant. This article is aimed at detecting the state of contamination with biogenic elements, oil products, phenol, synthetic surfactants and heavy metals. The leading approach to the study of this problem is State Standard 17.1.5.04-81; The seawater sampling procedure is carried out in accordance with ISO 5667-9: 1992 and ISO 5667-2. The article presents the results of research conducted in 2019 and the dynamics of pollution with pollutants in the area of the Kashagan, Kairan and Aktoty fields in the licensed territory. At the Kashagan field, samples were taken from 14 observation stations for the study. The fields of Kairan and Aktoty are currently preserved. In this regard, 2 observation stations were studied at each of these deposits and the results were compared with the results of the previous year. Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that biogenic elements remained at the same level and below the maximum permissible concentration for the entire study period. Comparison with last years’ studies shows that in 2019, the concentration of biogenic elements was lower than 2018. The content of oil products and synthetic surfactants for the study period was higher than in 2018, but lower than the MPC for the fisheries reservoir, and the phenol content was at the level of 2018 and exceeds the maximum permissible concentration by 3 times. Heavy metals for the entire study period were at the same level, with the exception of copper and iron, the concentration of which is higher than in 2018, but less than the MPC. The materials of the article are of practical value for scientists engaged in the study of the state of the inland seas, undergraduates, doctoral students.

Тенденции развития науки и образования оттенок.Увеличение продолжительности прокалки при 350°C свыше 3 час не приводит к существенному уменьшению содержания влаги.