In the past few years, we have experienced a transition from the decades-long period of falling real prices of grains, and food more generally, to a new market environment in which commodity and food prices are higher, more volatile and more highly influenced by petroleum prices. The problems of reaction for price volatility, both in the short- and long-run, are complex and multifaceted. Looking back at the 2007/08 crisis, countries responded through a spectrum of policies, but were largely unprepared, resulting in ad hoc and short-term mechanisms. Countries maintaining food reserves used these to intervene directly in the market to stabilize domestic prices. Many food importing countries reduced import tariffs, while several surplus producing countries limited, or even banned, exports in order to avoid food shortages and further domestic price increases. For whatever actions governments consider taking, it is always important to keep in mind the full set of policy measures, the wider risks and possible responses for the targeted population. The following suggests that choosing appropriate policies requires a deeper understanding of the issues at stake. This paper analyses the various theoretical approaches to the planning of agricultural and food areas of Kazakhstan. The authors consider that the method of forecast scenarios is the most effective one.

Sustainable development of agricultural production objectively necessitates the efficient use of the resource potential of regions, a combination of which plays a decisive role in shaping the economic development rate and increasing production volumes, competitiveness of domestic agricultural products, labor productivity, and the ability to quickly adapt to a changing socioeconomic situation. The resource potential of the agricultural sector is of paramount importance in the formation of the specialization foraregionor district. Due to this, the present work substantiates the need to study the specialization of regions in agriculture, taking the efficient use of their resource potential into account, which will allow to submit forecasts for the development of regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the optimal use of agricultural land for the production of specific types of products. This study has been conducted for the western region of Kazakhstan, and a comprehensive assessment of the potential of the regions has been given in order to increase the cost-effective types of agricultural products and labor productivity.

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to apply a systematic approach to the investigation of agricultural production features as a complex dynamic structure that functions in an unstable market environment and depends on the influence of natural changes. In this regard, this study aims to identify socio-economic, natural, and environmental factors that affect the sustainable development of agricultural sectors, as well as predict the impact of material, technological, and climatic factors on the health and stability of the entire system. The leading method for studying this problem is the method of a systematic approach, which allows investigating agricultural production as a complex dynamic structure that functions in an unstable market environment and depends on the influence of natural factors. In addition, this study involved the following research methods: the method of structural analysis, comparative, statistical, and deduction methods, classification method. The study presents the factors directly or indirectly influencing the development of northern agriculture, predicts the impact of these factors on the stability of the system, and shows possible ways to overcome the negative impact. The regional management system directly affected the level of food self-sufficiency of the Sakha Republic. To improve the current situation, it is necessary to review the mechanisms of interaction between state institutions and agricultural producers. Furthermore, there is an entire list of factors that negatively affect the functioning of the agricultural sector of Yakutia. The situation requires an immediate design of a policy for the development of rural areas through the socio-economic development of villages in the region. The research materials are of practical value for the governing bodies of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), as well as teachers and students studying the issues of sustainable development of agriculture.

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In the conditions of hard competition of market economy, the relevant task is to ensureч the effective functioning of agricultural entrepreneurship. It is quite difficult to solve it by increasing the volume of used natural resources due to their limited character, which requires the search for alternative ways of sustainable development of agricultural production, deepening scientific research based on digitalization. Purpose - the article examines aspects of integrational interaction between agribusinesses and science, its level and features, economically justified effect. Methods - monographic, comparison and analogy, situational analysis and synthesis, systemic. Results - the study reflects the practical experience of the relationship between agricultural science and enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. It is noted that integration ensures close cooperation of organizational and economic structures united by common technological processes and stages of reproduction of the final product: obtaining agricultural raw materials, storage, processing, selling, and servicing. The use of digital technologies ensures an increase in the scale of production of high-quality and competitive products, decrease in production costs and sale of goods, and priority investment areas. Conclusions - consolidation of agricultural business structures and scientific achievements is a dynamic multicomponent mechanism. There is no doubt that the connection between scientific activity and practice based on informatization leads to the increase in the scientific and innovative potential of the Kazakhstani AIC and the country's economy. The success of the transition to the innovative model of agro-industrial production in Kazakhstan largely depends on the efficiency of functioning of research and development sphere and, above all, the rate and quality of transferring their results into practical use by agricultural producers.