The local governance and municipalities have always been an important system of the national administrative systems. Therefore, their analysis has had a long tradition in the European social sciences. The different regulations on the municipal administration have been compared by the books, but the approach has been changed by the evolvement of the administrative sciences: comparative local governance and the comparison of the different local socio-economic systems became recent topics of the monographs. 13 municipal systems are analysed by this book. Countries from all part of the European Union are observed by the chapters. The central element of our analysis are the standards defined by the Charter of Local Self-Government in Europe: the implementation of the Charter and the transformation and reforms of the last decades are analysed by them. However, just half of the municipal models of the EU Member States are examined by leading experts of the given countries, but the different faces of the similar trends can be observed by this book. The different ‘faces’ of centralisation and concentration can be seen. The book has a strong legal approach, but the analysis of the local governance is in focus of the book, therefore, it has a wider, social science approach, as well.
Santrauka. Šiuo straipsniu siekta atskleisti Lietuvos merų politinės karjeros bruožus koncentruojantis į jų patirties Savivaldybės taryboje trukmę prieš pirmą kartą tampant meru ir
ĮvadasPolitinės karjeros tyrimai prasidėjo JAV praėjusio šimtmečio šeštajame-septintajame dešimtmetyje. Ši tyrimų kryptis, pradedant garsiuoju Josepho A. Schlesingerio veikalu (1966), vystėsi ir kitose šalyse, iš esmės koncentruodamasi į nacio nalinio lygmens politinį elitą, t. y. JAV kongresmenų, parlamentarų politinės karjeros patirtis (Francis, Kenny 2000). Europoje, kurioje būdinga daugiapakopė valdysena, ta kryptis apėmė ir regioninį lygmenį (Borchert and Stolz 2011;Stolz 2011;Vanlangenakker et al. 2013;Dodeigne 2014). Mokslininkai, tyrę politinio elito karjeros trajektorijas, nustatė, kad negali būti vieno aiškaus modelio "iš apačios į viršų". Šis modelis labiau būdingas JAV, tačiau Europoje, kur egzistuoja daugiapakopis ISSN 2029-4573 (Print), ISSN 2335-8777 (Online) KULTūRA IR VISUOMENė. Socialinių tyrimų žurnalas. 2016 7 (1) http://dx
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.