In the context of achieving the goals of the modern environmental agenda, the issue of effective management of household waste is a complex problem, being one of the highest priorities on a global scale. Regional features and the lack of effective international instruments often hinder the solution of this problem, complicating the development and application of common mechanisms. For Kazakhstan, which is the largest country in Central Asia and the state that produces the largest amount of household waste in the region, the issue of managing household waste is of particular relevance. This study is on the prospects for political and legal regulation in matters of municipal waste management in Kazakhstan within the framework of the use of foreign legal instruments and practices. Besides that, the study examines the prospects for the management of solid domestic waste in the country. Based on the study of foreign experience in the management of domestic waste, we identified the shortcomings of the existing legislative regulation in this area in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The analysis showed that the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the relevant area is at the stage of formation. At the same time, the existing problems require a comprehensive solution related to the development of an integrated approach, which implies the effective interaction of political and legal instruments. In particular, the use of national strategies and programs, integrated waste management programs, and the development of an appropriate regulatory framework for them. A review of political initiatives that directly affect the prospects for the formation of legal regulation indicated the commitment of the subjects of policy making in the field of environmental protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan to approaches based on the preference for minimizing or preventing waste generation and for the waste-to-energy principles. These initiatives are in line with the environmental policies in the EU.
The problem of cybercrime is a problem not only of domestic character but also of the whole world. Therefore, we decided to consider the experience of other countries in combating cybercrime. The article discusses the policy issues of the Turkish Republic in the field of combating the cybercrime. And also it was considered the experience of the police organizations work in this field in Turkey. The article analyzed the legislative framework of the Turkish Republic on the fight against cybercrime. The history of the development of police organizations and their work in this area was investigated and described in detail. The article also contains information about the policy of continuous education of employees on the fight against cybercrime and there was shown a scheme of work in the field of education. According to the results of the study we can confidently say that Turkey is currently doing effective work in combating cybercrime. The experience in this field can be used in the CIS countries and other countries to effectively combat crime in the field of information technology
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