Р е д а к ц и я к е ң е с і: Молдова Республикасының ҰҒА академигі Белостечник Г. (Молдова); Əзірбайжан ҰҒА академигі Велиханлы Н. (Азербайджан); Тəжікстан ҰҒА академигі Назаров Т.Н. (Тəжікстан); Молдова Республикасының ҰҒА академигі Рошка А. (Молдова); Молдова Республикасының ҰҒА академигі Руснак Г. (Молдова); Əзірбайжан ҰҒА корр. мүшесі Мурадов Ш. (Əзірбайжан); Əзірбайжан ҰҒА корр. мүшесі Сафарова З. (Əзірбайжан); э. ғ. д., проф. Василенко В.Н. (Украина); заң ғ. докт., проф. Устименко В.А. (Украина) «Қазақстан Республикасы Ұлттық ғылым академиясының Хабарлары. Қоғамдық жəне гуманитарлық ғылымдар сериясы».

The article discusses the current state of small and medium-sized businesses in the country, analyzes the problems hindering its development, presents the author's vision of their solution. The authors explore the sources of financial support for the development of entrepreneurship, the problems of their insufficiency, lack of incentives for implementation. Based on the analysis of business activities in Kazakhstan in recent years, conclusions and recommendations have been formulated for improving the economic instruments for regulating entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan, and a forecast has been given for the further development of SMEs. The policy of industrialinnovative development of the economy does not give the desired result, the innovative component of the products produced still remains at a very low level, the competitiveness of the products produced is at a low level also.

Economic changes have predetermined public policy, in which its support should play a greater role compared to other sectors. Priority in the development of agricultural production will be indicators of production efficiency, competitiveness of domestic products. In this regard, one of the priorities of the development of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the accelerated development of the agro-industrial complex on the basis of increasing labour productivity in the agro-industrial sector and increasing exports of processed agricultural products by encouraging a leasing and insurance mechanism. The article analyzes the dynamics of depreciation of fixed assets by type and renewal in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, shows the impact of the formation of mutual insurance on the production efficiency of agricultural producers. The proposals for further improvement of the leasing and insurance mechanisms, including according to the experience of developed countries, are given.

The adoption of the concept of “sustainable development” necessitated the search for ways to achieve sustainable goals, the definition of directions for the transformation of economic relations, and the emergence of a new term: “green economy”, or “green finance”. Through the transition to a “green” economy and “green” financing, the Government of Kazakhstan will be able to fulfill an important task – the development of a new financial system. Financing of green projects contributes to improving the quality of life in society; aims to preserve natural resources and the environment. The main purpose of the scientific article is to determine the sources of investment to finance the “green” economy of Kazakhstan today. The following research methods were used: general scientific research methods, and quantitative methods of statistical, causal, and comparative data analysis for analyzing the current state of green finance in Kazakhstan and identifying problems with green finance. Research results show that in the Concept for the transition of Kazakhstan to a “green” economy, the corresponding investments are estimated at approximately $3-4 billion, or about 1% of GDP per year. The most active green projects are being developed in Akmola, Atyrau, Kostanay, and Zhambyl regions. Research findings suggest that a “Green” transformation of the economy is impossible without the implementation of the principles of responsible investment (PRI). The results of the study will be helpful for entrepreneurs and business entities engaged in the green finance industry or for government agencies responsible for the development of green infrastructure in Kazakhstan.

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