Abstract. Fathir A, Haikal M, Wahyudi D. 2021. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used for maintaining stamina in Madura ethnic, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 386-392. The use of herbal medicine that expands rapidly across the world opens a lot of opportunities for drug exploration and discovery through ethnobotanical study. Therefore, countries with high level of biological and cultural diversity like Indonesia have great opportunities to achieve this goal, and even Indonesia has its own term for a group of herbal medicine, called jamu. This research aimed to conduct ethnobotanical study of jamu used by Madura ethnic in Pamekasan District, Madura Island, Indonesia by focusing on the specific use of it for maintaining stamina. Structured interviews with purposively selected respondents of 80 knowledgeable elder women were performed to gain insights about the medicinal herb used by them. Our study found 10 recipes of jamu used by Madura ethnic for maintaining stamina. These recipes contain 19 medicinal plants belonging to 16 genera and 11 families, with the family of Zingiberaceae contributed to the largest share of species used with eight species. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) was the species with the highest use-value by the respondents and the rhizomes were the most favorable plant organ used. In conclusion, the diversity of medicinal plants used by Madura ethnic could contribute to the development of new plant-based drugs, especially those for maintaining stamina.

<em>Moringa olifera merupakan tumbuhan yang kaya akan kandungan zat gizi maupun fitokimia. Tujuan dari penilian ini untuk mengetahui profil sel timusit CD4⁺CD8⁺ mencit yang diinfeksi Salmonella thypi setelah diberi ekstrak daun M. oleifera. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Mencit dibagi menjadi 2 grub yaitu grub non infeksi (diberi ekstrak daun M. oleifera dosis 0 mg/kg BB, 14 mg/kg BB, 42 mg/kg BB  dan 84 mg/kg BB) dan mencit yang diinfeksi S. thypi (diberi ekstrak daun M. oleifera dosis 0 mg/kg BB, 14 mg/kg BB, 42 mg/kg BB  dan 84 mg/kg BB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak daun M. oleifera dapat meningkatkan jumlah sel timosit CD4⁺CD8⁺ pada kelompok mencit non infeksi maupun pada kelompok mencit diinfeksi S. thypi. Peningkatan tertinggi jumlah sel timusit CD4⁺CD8⁺ terlihat pada pemberian ekstrak daun M. oleifera dosis 84 mg/kg BB.</em>

The facts of learning in education showed that students were less encouraged to develop metacognitive skills and creative thinking skills, so that students were not active and students were less likely to participate in the learning process. This study aimed to determine the correlation of metacognitive skills with creative thinking skills of class XI students in biology subjects. The subjects of this study were students of class XI A IPA at MA Miftahul Ulum Nagasari Congkop in the second semester of academic year 2021/2022, totaling 24 students. This research is quantitative research with regression correlation analysis technique using SPSS Version 26.0. Collecting data on metacognitive skills and creative thinking skills using a rubric that was integrated with an essay test. The results of this study indicated that there was a significant relationship between metacognitive skills and creative thinking skills. Results of the regression analysis showed a large R value of 0.616 which indicated that there was a strong relationship between metacognitive skills and creative thinking skills. The guided inquiry model is the recommended model in empowering metacognitive and creative thinking skills, especially in learning biology.