No abstract

Floods have an impact on people's lives.Efforts to address the effects of flooding need to involve the community. This research examines the public participation in the disaster area in Hulu Sungai Tengah District. This research is designed using a survey approach to the community in flood prone areas in Hulu Sungai Tengah District. Data is obtained through questionnaires with the number of sampling is 380 people. The results show that community participation in flood prevention is high-very high category. People have the participation in form of labor and money. The problems of flood-prone areas in Hulu Sungai Tengah District are lack of public awareness of the signs of impending floods; low information about the dangers of floods; and no early warning system for floods from government.

Chitosan had been successfully modified by conjugating with folic acid for specific delivery for an anticancer agent. The modified chitosan-folate (chitosan-FA) then prepared into a nanosize particle (NP) and loaded with the active substances, a combination of doxorubicin (DOX) and curcumin analog, 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy,3,5-dimethyl benzylidene) cyclopentanone (Pentagamavunon-1, PGV-1). In this research, the cytotoxic activity of chitosan-FA NP containing the drugs against MCF-7 breast cancer cell was evaluated. The ionic gelation method was used for preparing of the chitosan-FA NP containing active substances. Physical characterization including particle size and zeta potential of the NP was analyzed using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), whereas the encapsulation efficiency (EE) was analyzed using ultrafast liquid chromatography (UFLC). Anticancer activity of nanoparticles was carried out using the MTT method. The particle size obtained for chitosan-FA containing active substances was 111.8 ± 4.11 nm with the EE more than 75% for DOX and around 12% for PGV-1. The cytotoxic test with MTT assay showed that the DOX and PGV-1 loaded in chitosan-FA NP had anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells with IC50 value 25.8±2.55 µg/mL for DOX and 24.7±0.91 µg/mL for PGV-1 in combination.