In the course of our screening program to discover antimalarial antibiotics, which are active against drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and rodents infected with P. berghei in vivo, from the culture broth of microorganisms, we found a selective and potent active substance produced by an actinomycete strain K99-0413. It was identified as a known polyether antibiotic, X-206. We also compared the in vitro antimalarial activities and cytotoxicities of 12 known polyethers with X-206. Amongthem, X-206 showed the most selective and potent inhibitory effect against both drug resistant and sensitive strains of P.

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