The fine structure of gamma phage of Bacillus anthracis was studied by electron microscopy with a negative-staining technique. The phage has a hexagonal head and a long tail without a sheath. By electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels, the proteins of the phage particles are separate into 10 polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 140 000 to 12 000.

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The purpose of this paper is to propose information of use in the reconstruction of urban transport and infrastructure in response to the Great East Japan Earthquake. In particular, knowledge of urban planning and transportation planning is summarized to help in drawing up physical plans. From the viewpoint of reconstructing urban structure, it is necessary to create regional linkages to adjacent cities within a compact district connected by various transport modes. And, the redundancy in traffic function can be secured through a suitable division of roles between automobile traffic and public transportation. Besides, the following issues are discussed: 1) improvements aimed at a safe living environment, 2) examination of new intersections, and 3) sharing crossing space between people and cars. Moreover, introducing new technology in transport planning should also be considered to cope with the aging of society to come.

Recently, the rapid increase of vacant houses has been serious urban problem especially in local city in Japan. However, the occurrence pattern of vacant houses is still ambiguous due to the lack of the information. Therefore, this study focus on the data from the waterworks in the local hub city and examine the period of closing hydrant. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between transition pattern of vacant houses and regional characteristics. As the result of this study, the transition pattern could be represented by logistic curve. Additionally, it was revealed that the vacant houses were generated early from the city center and the area around the station where land readjustment projects have been carried out.