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Large−scale shaking table tests are conducted to investigate phase difference between the inertial fbrce of the super − structure and total earth pressure acting on the f()oting ． It is shewn that (1) The total earth pressure before liquefaction tends to be out ofphase by 180 degrees with the inertial force ， (2)The total garth pressure after liquefaction tends to be in phase with 山 e inertial force ， (3)Phase difference between the inertial fbrce and total earth pressure can be esti − mated by considering the natural period of the super − structure ， the predominant period of the ground， the ground displacement and the fboting displacement ．

In order to investigate behaviors of buildings during earthquake due to accumulate observation data, low-cost seismometers are produced and checked. Using data by shaking table test results and observed earthquake motions, the accuracy verification of low-cost seismometer is conducted through comparison with servo-type seismometer. The low-cost seismometers were installed in a detached house and earthquake motions have been observed since about three years ago. In these periods, many earthquake motions have been obtained to discuss characteristics of the earthquake motions at the site and characteristics of dynamic behavior of the detached house. The low-cost seismometer has been operational for about four years since the low-cost seismometer was produced. From the result, it is confirmed that the low-cost seismometer has enough durability.