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Objective: This study aimed to examine the pathological changes in gastric mucosa of Helicobacter pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients carrying different ABO phenotypes and to study the response to the 14 days' standard triple therapy and 10 days' quadruple therapy in peptic ulcer patients according to their ABO phenotypes. Methods:Interventional prospective randomized-controlled open-label study was performed on newly diagnosed patients with PUD. The H. pyloripositive patients were allocated into two major study groups in which they are subdivided according to ABO blood group phenotypes: Group 1 received standard H. pylori eradication triple therapy and Group 2 received standard H. pylori eradication quadruple regimen. Patients were monitored after 2 months for successful H. pylori eradication.Results: Chronic active gastritis was significantly high in patients carrying blood Group O phenotype (81.25%), while the atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were significantly high in patients carrying blood Group A phenotype (25.00% and 16.67%), respectively. 14 days' triple therapy showed significantly lower eradication rate in H. pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients carrying blood Group O phenotype (p<0.01), meanwhile higher response was found among patients with blood Group B. 10 days' quadruple therapy produced a significant high eradication rate in H. pylori-infected patients carrying blood Group O than those with blood Group A (p<0.01), but still both showed lower response compared to that in patients carrying blood Group B and AB phenotypes. Elderly patients showed significantly less healing efficacy than younger patients (p<0.01), and the least healing rate was noticed in female patients after both regimens. Conclusion:Lower eradication rate in H. pylori-infected was noticed in peptic ulcer patients carrying blood Group O mainly than those with other blood groups and particularly those with duodenal Ulceri. 10 days' quadruple therapy showed significant higher eradication rate in H. pylori infection and a better ulcer healing efficacy.

Infection with H. pylori is an up growing public health problem that affects approximately 50% of people in industrialized nations, and up to 80% in developing countries.Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection had been identified as the main causes of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Blood group A phenotype was associated with gastric ulcer (GU) and gastric carcinoma, while blood group O phenotype found to be associated with duodenal ulcer DU predominantly; however, no explanation for this association was received. This study was conducted to, first, determine the relationship between ABO blood groups and H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer patients, and second, to study the response to the two weeks H. pylori eradication triple therapy in peptic ulcer patients carrying different blood groups. A total of 84 patients who presented with symptoms of PUD and showed positive endoscopic examination of PUD a n d evidence of H. pylori i nfec tion by histology and stool antigen test, were divided into four groups according to ABO blood group phenotype. All H. pylori infected patients received s t a n d a r d H. pylori eradication triple therapy for 14 days duration. Patients were followed up by re-endoscopic examination after 2 months of treatment course. The percentage of H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease carrying blood group O was higher than other blood group phenotype. In H.pylori-detnefni peptic ulcer stfdnefp , higher incidence of gastric ulcer (GU) was noticed among blood group A carriers, while higher incidence of duodenal ulcer (DU) was found among blood group O carriers when compare with other blood group phenotypes. neetfnne days triple therapy showed lower eradication rate in H. pylori infected blood group O peptic ulcer patients, while a higher response to the s t a n d a r d H. pylori eradication triple therapy was found among patients with blood group B phenotype.

Wilson’s disease (WD) is an inherited defectin copper metabolism that causes accumulation of copper in various body organs. It is a potentially curable; if it is diagnosed promptly and treated consistently. Normal life expectancy can be achieved with available treatment.

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