Nanotechnology is the study of materials, devices, and systems that display features that are distinct from those found in larger systems. It is no surprise that medical and dental researchers have taken notice of this rapid advancement in technology, which has piqued their curiosity about how it may be used to cure and prevent disease. It is a relatively new science that deals with the manipulation of matter at the molecular level, including the manipulation of individual molecules and their relationships. High-level control of position and chemical characteristics are the primary goals of this method. Nanotechnology has become one of the most promising and significant areas of scientific research as a result, thanks to an increased interest in interpreting matter's property at this dimension. Nanotechnology has been used in dentistry to produce new materials and procedures for diagnosing, preventing, treating, and regenerating periodontal disease, which is the subject of this article. Cargoes and materials such polymeric nanoparticles, non-porous nanogels, nanotube scaffold matrices, and nanofibers have shown promise effectiveness, and their functions in disease treatment are of significant interest. The purpose of this review paper is to offer thorough recent updates on the numerous nanotechnology-based methods to periodontal disease treatment.