Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common consideration when patients have unexplained signs of cardiopulmonary disease. Guidelines have been issued regarding diagnosis and management of this condition. Since multiple conditions can mimic components of PAH, the clinician should think about the patient's total clinical condition before diagnosing and categorizing it. Proper evaluation and etiologic definition are crucial to providing the appropriate therapy. This review offers a case-based guide to the evaluation of patients with suspected PAH.

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