Two field experiments were conducted in a calcareous soil during summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 at the experimental in a private farm Mallawi, El- Minia Governorate, Egypt to evaluate application of K fertilization at different rates of K2SO4 and non-classic products, i.e. K feldspar, mixture with or without inoculation with the K dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans.) soil chemical properties, plant growth, yield and nutritional value of corn (Zea-maize hybrid third 310). Our results proved that inoculation of maize seeds with Bacillus circulans at rate of 36% K2O improved soil pH, EC, soil organic matter content and enhanced the soil available N, P and K concentrations. Also, the growth parameters, yield and nutritional status of the plants were significantly increased by using non-traditional potassium fertilizers particularly in the case of seed inoculated with potassium dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans).

Aims: It is to study the effect of the magnetic treatment (MT) for 30 min of urea as nitrogen (N) fertilizer as well as the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds before sowing on the crop yield and quality under sandy soil conditions.  This is to increase the crop productivity in the reclaimed sandy soils. Study Design: A Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Place and Duration of Study: A field study have been carried out during the summer seasons of 2020 and 2021. Methodology: The control has received the recommended dose RD of the urea fertilizer while other treatments received the rates 50%, 75%, and 100% of the RD as magnetized urea applied to the surface soil. The groundnut grains were exposed to a magnetic field (MF) 1.4 T intensity before sowing. Representative samples from soil and plant were taken after harvesting. Results: At the 30-min time and 100% N-fertilization, the yield (kg ha-1) has increased relatively by 13.3% for pods and by 16.8% for the seeds. It has increased the chlorophyll a, b and the total chlorophyll (mg g-1 f.w) by 29.4%, 37%, and 32.2%, respectively. It has increased the soil available N by 33.7%, the P by 13.2%, and Mn by 11.8%. It also increased the K by 4.1%, Fe by 5.1%, and Zn by 9.7%. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and the agronomic efficiency (AE) were 5.76 and 2.75, respectively, being the highest value for the 100% rate compared to the 50% and 75% rates. Conclusion: Magnetic treatment (MT) of urea as a nitrogen fertilizer and/or groundnut seeds for 30 min before cultivation can be recommended to enhance the N use efficiency under the sandy soil conditions. This can be attributed to the induction effect of the magnetic force on the chemical and biological reactions that enhance the nutrients availability and uptake in the soil-plant system.

Nanotechnology and organic fertilization are represented the most important tools for agriculture and anticipated to become a driving economic force in the near future. Two field experiments were carried out on sandy soil at El Ismailia Research Station, Agriculture Research Center Egypt, to study the effects of application of nitrogen fertilizer, as black urea, Nano black urea and organic fertilizer FMY, nutrients and productivity of Cucurbita pepo L. Two rates of FMY at 50 and 100 m3 ha-1 was applied to the soil with soil application of black urea and Nano black urea) with applied both as foliar application on plants. A split-plot design with four replications for each treatment was used, during the two summer seasons of 2019 and 2020. Results obtained showed that yield components of plants increased with applied Nano black urea and black urea accompanied with application both rates of FMY. The Nano black urea accompanied with FMY applied at a rate of 100 m3 ha-1 give the highest yield values. However, effective treatment was foliar Nano black urea application with a rate of 0.5 ppm with organic fertilizer FMY at rate of 100 m3 ha-1 and gave the highest significant values of fruits yield (300, 327, 342, 356 and 373 g plant-1 for five times picked, respectively. On the other hands, in foliar application, fruits weight yield was higher than the first cut. Nutrients contents showed almost a trend as all parameters under study the superior treatment was at Nano black urea foliar application a rate of 0.5 ppm with 100 m3 ha-1 of FMY with high availability of nutrients at the studied soil.