Highlights Naturally, secondary metabolites scopolamine and hyoscyamine exhibited a lesser yield from leaf extract or callus induced from stems. Supplementation of saccharides (sorbitol and mannitol) callus induct media increase significant amount secondary metabolites in stem derived calli of Datura inoxia. The secondary metabolite hyoscyamine from Datura inoxia exhibited potent antimicrobial properties.

The present study indicate the possibility of the development of callus from stem cut, leaf and root explants and regeneration of Datura plant (Datura innoxia) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic (NAA). Sterilized explants were inoculated and incubated in culture shade under different conditions (light and dark). Data analysis showed that maximum percentage (83%) of calli were induced from stem cut explants on MS media supplemented with NAA and BA at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l respectively under dark condition. Maximum fresh and dry weight was found 395.63 mg and 35.64 mg respectively with supplementation of 0.5 mg/l NAA and 1 mg/l BA. Stem cut derived calli were transfer to MS regeneration medium supplementing different concentrations of plant regulators (PGRs) under different conditions. Maximum regeneration (78%) was found on MS media supplementing 1 mg/l of BA and 1 mg/l off NAA under dark condition. The attempt for callus induction from the explants (stem, leaf, root) using MS media with supplementation of different combinations of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), BA and NAA, Kinetin (kin) under both light and dark conditions were carried out but no significant results were found.

The results of the present study showed that AgNO 3 and ABA has a negative effect on fresh and dry weight, where both of weight significantly decreased when treated with ABA and AgNO 3 compare to control treatment, except callus treated with AgNO 3 at 4mg/l, the rate of fresh and dry weight significantly increased reached to 434,77mg respectively compared to control. Physical treatment also had a significant effect on fresh and dry weight for callus, the highest fresh and dry weight significantly reached to 491,93 mg respectively when callus exposure for 10 minutes to UV ray. The exposure to light for different period had negative effect on the rates of fresh and dry weight, as the control superior significantly for all lighting treatment. The concentration of all the secondary compounds extracted from callus increased significantly compared to their concentration in the seed extract. The addition of chemical treatments to callus lead to the difference in the concentration of secondary compounds. The quercetin compound reached its highest and significantly to 95.17μg/ml at the concentration of 4mg/l of AgNO 3. while kaempferol suffer significantly decrease at all concentration of AgNO 3 , and reached to highest value significantly at control 114.76μg/ml, added concentration at 6 mg/l of AgNO 3 had a positive effect in increasing the concentration of Ricinin significantly to 119.90μg/ml.