Egyptian medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) sector suffers from poor drying conditions of the product in terms of quality and safety standards, lack of professional advisory services, in addition to a high undeveloped value chain. Four designs were established in this study and focused on different methods for chamomile drying, the results of the 8/9/2 (B) design of the solar-assisted stack dryer were a masterpiece and promising for drying chamomile plant. The results of volatile oil extraction showed that an increased yield of volatile oil extraction by 30 % compared with traditional drying methods (control). GC-MS analysis indicated the essential oil chemical composition for the new drying method, were found to be the main active compound Bisabolol oxide A which were 54% in 8/9/2 (B) design of the solar-assisted stack dryer compared with the control which was 38.36% in control. The study method was promising and distinctive because it increases the yield of volatile oil extraction, maintains chemical structure compared with the control.

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Background:The coronavirus disease pandemic is ongoing, and prevention measures in nursing education are essential. However, there are few studies on infection-prevention measures among nursing students. Aim of the study: To investigate student nurses perception regarding preventive measures for coronavirus infection. Research design: A descriptive design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Maternity and Gynecological Nursing Department at the nursing faculty at; Ain shams university. Sample: Purposive sample consisted of 127 male and female nursing students in the 3 rd academic year from the previously mentioned setting. Tools: 2 tools were used the 1 st tool structured interviewing questionnaire. The 2 nd tool was student nurses' attitudes regarding preventive measures for coronavirus infection. Results: the majority of the studied sample had total correct knowledge and nearly three-quarters of the studied sample had a positive attitude regarding preventive measures for COVID-19 and its preventive measures and there was a weak positive correlation between total knowledge and total attitude regarding preventive measures for coronavirus infection among the studied sample.Conclusion: The majority of the study sample had correct knowledge about preventive measures for coronavirus infection. Additionally, nearly threequarters of the study sample had a positive attitude regarding preventive measures for coronavirus infection. Furthermore, there was a weak positive correlation between the total knowledge and the total student nurses' attitudes. Recommendations: Design and implement guidelines for nurses regarding preventive measures for COVID-19 to enhance their knowledge and attitude. Further research: Investigate healthcare team compliance with preventive measures for COVID-19 in the clinical settings.

Background:Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of widespread vascular endothelial malfunction and vasospasm that occurs after 20 weeks' gestation. Aim: This work aimed to compare the anti-hypertensive efficacy of oral Labetalol with oral Nifedipine in mild preeclampsia. Materials and Methods:This study was conducted on a total of 100 antenatal mild full term pre-eclamptic women at Ain-Shams University Maternity Hospital ICU and obstetric theater. They were divided into two groups; first group (group A): oral Labetalol was started with a dose of 200 mg and second group (group B): oral Nifedipine was started at dose of 20 mg. Results: Group B had significantly higher number of side effects when compared to group A. None of the patients developed grave complications such as HELLP syndrome, pulmonary edema, coagulopathy, postpartum collapse, the maternal mortality was nil. Thus when patients with preeclampsia are identified and treated at an earlier stage the morbidity and mortality associated with preeclampsia can be significantly reduced. Conclusion:Both oral labetalol and oral Nifedipine are equally efficacious in the control of hypertension in mild preeclampsia. Regarding the drug side effects and tolerability, labetalol was significantly better than Nifedipine. There was no significant difference in the neonatal outcome between the two groups. Thus, labetalol is a better alternative to Nifedipine,as it had lesser side effect profile. However, in a limited resource setting, Nifedipine is an equally effective, cheap and easily available drug for mild preeclampsia.