Latar Belakang: Pembedahan tulang belakang dilakukan dengan indikasi kompresi saraf simptomatik. Kegagalan menangani nyeri pascaoperasi dapat mengakibatkan sensasi dan pengalaman emosional yang tidak menyenangkan. Kadar Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) meningkat pada berbagai kondisi nyeri. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas manajemen nyeri pascaoperasi, beberapa konsep telah dikembangkan, seperti preemtif analgesia dan preventif analgesia. Gabapentin adalah obat terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri pasca operasi Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas dan efek samping antara pemberian gabapentin preemtif (kelompok G1 : gabapentin 900 mg/oral preoperasi) dan preventif (kelompok G2 : gabapentin 900 mg/oral preoperasi + 100 mg/8jam/oral selama 24 jam pascaoperasi) yang menjalani pembedahan dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior vertebra dengan anestesi umum. Metode: Penelitian uji acak tersamar ganda dilaksanakan di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar dan rumah sakit jejaring pendidikan pada September 2021. Sampel adalah seluruh populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS 25. Analisis menggunakan ONE way ANOVA atau Kruskal-Wallis test dan Mann-Whitney U test. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar NGF 2 jam postoperasi pada semua kelompok, dimana median NGF kelompok kontrol > G2 > G1. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar NGF 24 jam paskaoperasi kelompok G2 dan kontrol serta G1 dan G2, dimana median NGF kelompok kontrol > G1 > G2. Berdasarkan skor NRS diam dan gerak, perbedaan yang bermakna kelompok G1 dan kontrol hanya pada 1 jam paskaoperasi. Perbedaan yang bermakna kelompok G2 dan kontrol didapatkan pada semua waktu paskaoperasi. Perbedaan yang bermakna kelompok G2 dan G1 didapatkan pada jam ke 2, 4, 6, dan 24 paskaoperasi.
Pendahuluan: Nyeri pascabedah pada pasien yang menjalankan operasi dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior tulang belakang akut dengan derajat nyeri sedang hingga berat. Pemberian preventif pada pasien menjalankan operasi dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior tulang belakang diberikan ibuprofen kombinasi dexamethasone intravena dan belum ada yang melakukan penelitian dengan memakai ibuprofen kombinasi dexamethasone intravena. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemberian preventif ibuprofen 800 mg kombinasi deksametasone 10 mg dan ibuprofen 800 mg dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri pasien pascabedah dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior. Metode: Desain penelitian single blind randomized experimental clinical trial yang dilakukan di RSUP dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo mulai bulan Juni-September 2021 yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, kelompok A (Ibuprofen 800 mg + Dexamethasone 10 mg) sebanyak 13 pasien, dan kelompok B (Ibuprofen 800 mg) 13 pasien yang menjalani prosedur bedah dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior dengan anestesi umum. Berdasarkan jenis dan bentuk data yang didapatkan kemudian ditentukan metode uji statistik untuk analisa derajat nyeri dan kebutuhan opioid fentanyl menggunakan uji t-group dengan menggunakan SPSS 23. Hasil dinilai bermakna jika nilai p <0.05. Data ditampilakn dalam bentuk frekuensi (n) dan presentase diuji dengan Mann-Whitney. Variable numerik disajikan dalam bentuk rerata ± simpang baku (mean±SD) dan diuji dengan Uji t-group (uji parametrik) jika memenuhi syarat (distribusi normal, varian sama). Hasil: Ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna NRS diam dan NRS gerak pada waktu pengukuran 2 jam, 6 jam, 12 jam, dan 24 jam pascabedah antara kelompok ibuprofen 800 mg kombinasi dexametasone 10 mg dan ibuprofen 800 mg (p<0,05). Ibuprofen 800 mg kombinasi dexamethasone 10 menurunkan penggunaan opioid fentanyl 59 % dibandingkan kelompok ibuprofen 800 mg. Diskusi: Ibuprofen 800 mg intravena kombinasi dexamethasone 10 mg dapat menurunkan NRS diam dan gerak pada pembedahan dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior tulang belakang, sesuai dengan temuan pada penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Kesimpulan: Preventif analgesia ibuprofen 800 mg kombinasi dexamethasone 10 mg menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada pasien pascabedah dekompresi dan stabilisasi posterior tulang belakang.
AIM: This single-blind study aimed to compare the combination of paracetamol with various doses of ibuprofen as multimodal analgesia in C-section surgery patients under spinal anesthesia. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were analyzed as markers of inflammation. METHODS: Treatment groups (20 patients each) were: Group A, 750 mg paracetamol and 400 mg ibuprofen; Group B, 750 mg paracetamol and 600 mg ibuprofen; and Group C, 750 mg paracetamol and 800 mg ibuprofen. Degree of pain (movement and rest), scored using the numeric rating scale (NRS) and levels of IL-6 and CRP were assessed at various time points within 24 h of surgery. Side effects and numbers of subjects requiring rescue fentanyl administration were also recorded. RESULTS: Group C showed a rest NRS score of 1.00 ± 0.00 6 h postoperatively, compared with 2.00 ± 0.00 in Group B and 2.35 ± 0.87 in Group A. 4 h postoperatively, movement NRS scores were 1.00 ± 0.00 for Group C, compared to 3.00 ± 1.77 for Group B, and 4.85 ± 1.81 for Group A. At 12 h, IL-6 levels hours were 2.66 ± 0.04 pg/mL for Group A, 2.39 ± 0.02 pg/mL for Group B, and 2.05 ± 0.01 pg/mL for Group C. At 6 h, CRP levels were 1.18 ± 0.04 mg/L for Group A, 0.95 ± 0.01 mg/L for Group B, and 0.70 ± 0.02 mg/L for Group C. Overall, Group C showed the lowest values for all parameters analyzed, compared with other groups, and the differences were significant (p < 0.05). In addition, none of the patients in Group C required rescue fentanyl (p < 0.05), and no patients in any of the groups showed any side effects. CONCLUSION: For pain management after C-section surgery, the combination of 750 mg paracetamol and 800 mg ibuprofen yielded the best results as assessed by NRS scores, levels of IL-6 and CRP, and fentanyl rescue.
The concept of multimodal analgesia in the treatment of postoperative pain has been around for a long time. Various drugs have been used to control pain after cesarean section (SC). The purpose of this study was to compare the combination of paracetamol with ibuprofen at various doses as multimodal analgesia and to measure levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of inflammation in CS surgical patients. Methods this study was a single-blind experimental study. A total of 40 patients who underwent SC surgery under spinal anesthesia using hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5% 8 mg were divided into 2 groups, namely IBU4 group (paracetamol 750 mg and ibuprofen 400 mg), and IBU8 (paracetamol 750 mg and ibuprofen 800 mg) given intravenously 1 hour preoperatively, and every 6 hours for 24 hours. Then the degree of pain was assessed at rest and moving using a Numeric Rating Score (NRS) at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively, and IL-6 levels were measured 1 hour preoperatively, 6 and 12 hours postoperatively. Calculate the amount of fentanyl given for rescue. Then repeated ANOVA, paired t-test, and chi-square analysis were performed using SPSS 21 for Windows. The results are declared meaningful if the p-value < 0.05. The results the IBU8 group showed lower values of the silent NRS, motion NRS, and IL-6 levels than the IBU4 group; this difference was significant with a value (p<0.05). All patients in the IBU8 group also did not require rescue fentanyl (p<0.05). The combination of paracetamol 750 mg and ibuprofen 800 mg showed the best results on NRS values, IL-6, and CRP levels for postoperative pain management SC without the need for rescue fentanyl and side effects.
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