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19 20In this review some emerging issues of parasite infections in wildlife, particularly 21 in Australia, are considered. We discuss the importance of understanding parasite 22 biodiversity in wildlife in terms of conservation, the role of wildlife as reservoirs of 23 parasite infection, and the role of parasites within the broader context of the ecosystem. 24Using a number of parasite species, the value of undertaking longitudinal surveillance in 25 natural systems using non-invasive sampling and molecular tools to characterize 26 infectious agents is illustrated in terms of wildlife health, parasite biodiversity and 27 ecology. 28 29