The construction industry is the main accelerator of the country’s economy. Therefore, research studies on the impact of economic influences on the construction industry are vast. However, finding the main macroeconomic factors is limited in the Albanian industry (Puci et al., 2022). To fill the research gap, this paper aims to identify the macroeconomic variables that influence the sector of construction through an empirical investigation. To achieve this objective, an empirical study is done where the data set is defined as panel data. The model includes four independent variables: gross domestic product (GDP) growth, inflation rate, exchange rate, and interest rate; whereas the dependent variable is represented by return on assets (ROA) for 36 audited companies from 2010–2020, making a total of 396 observations. Multiple regression through EVIEWS 10 software is used to identify any potential relationship among them. The results of this paper indicate that all the variables were statistically significant; GDP growth and interest rate were proved to positively impact the profitability of companies operating in the construction sector; whereas the two other variables such as inflation rate and exchange rate negatively impact ROA for the period examined. Lastly, the paper emphasizes the role of the government as an investment-led industry; for the nation’s prosperity construction sector is ultimate. Considering the role of construction in the development of Albania, it is necessary for the government to pay adequate attention to this sector.

This paper aims to give an overview and examine the effects of value-added tax (VAT) income as one of the main elements of fiscal policies on Albanian economic growth GDP (Demi, Hysa, & Nanaj, 2018), for the period 1999–2019, considering also the implementation of VAT legislation rules. The quantitative analysis methods are used in this study based on the wide range of theoretical and practical cases obtained from the literature to figure out the existing link between VAT as the explanatory variable and GDP as the explained variable. Based on empirical testing hypotheses on the importance of econometric models, the statistical information was selected by public institutions in Albania and the data is in the form of time series, often self-correlated from period to period. This feature was considered to avoid the consequences caused by autocorrelation and following the detection, the corrective measures were taken, in order for the statistical inference to be as objective as possible. Finally, this paper argues that VAT rules are considered a very important element for the Albanian economy, and the relevance of this study is to serve policymakers in drafting fiscal policies in the function of economic growth (GDP) in the future.

Although the financial sector in Albania follows a fluctuating trend, the average return on assets has significantly improved during the last few years. To boost profitability and ensure long-term survival in this area, banks must concentrate on the factors that affect profitability. Various types of research offer conflicting results on the impact that macroeconomic factors have on bank profitability. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive perspective on the theoretical and empirical research of bank profitability in the Albanian banking system, including its components and the variables influencing the choice of how to effectively achieve profitability. More specifically, this study determines how macroeconomics impacts the profitability of Commercial Banks, mainly focusing on the effect of GDP growth, inflation, and real interest rate on the financial performance of second-level banks in Albania between 2011 and 2020. To achieve this goal, a multiple regression is performed on a panel dataset, and the empirical findings reveal that the independent variables, including GDP growth, inflation, and real interest rate are significant factors determining Albanian bank profitability for the period considered. The study's conclusions will be useful for various parties, including management bodies, researchers, policymakers, and the government.

This paper presents the pension system in Albania, the strengths and the weaknesses points provided by the last changes of the law. Research is used to collect data from the institute of social insurance in Albania, expectations for and assumption about the social insurance in Albania. The results of the research provide an overview of what types of reform should receive priority for the future elderly in Albania. Despite the youthfulness, Albania still faces pension problems arising from a number of historical events. In the communism time, all individuals of the working age, male and female, were required to work if able and most of elderly have the rights in the pension systems and received from the public pensions. Transition to the market economy has resulted in closing down state-owned enterprises, which workers have been compensated of early pensions. The program of the social insurance in Albania is partly inherited from the past. As a result of this, in Albania there is left a large number of beneficiaries in their pension systems and few contributors to finance those beneficiaries. By paying social security contributions and health insurance all citizens are sure to benefit during the third age.

This study describes the support and participation of the residents in Saranda and Ksamil (Albania) in the planning and development process of tourism as a key element for the sustainable management of tourism resources (Ahmeti et al., 2019). The purpose of this study is the analysis of residents’ perceptions of the governance and development of sustainable tourism. To evaluate the structural relationship between the variables, the Likert scale, and the nominal measure were used, and the exogenous variables were considered as predictors for the endogenous variable. This study found the independent variable to have a significant impact on the residents’ behavior (95% level of significance), so we can say that the attitudes of the community about the environment affect community support for sustainable tourism development in their area. This area gets direct and sharpest visible impacts so far, from tourist development. There is an attractive landscape for tourists, and it is at the core of the debates on sustainable tourism development planning. The results of this study will present to the local government in Saranda to see that the attitudes of the residents towards the environment and nature are in harmony with nature.