This study aimed to verify the prevalence of athletes with intellectual, anthropometric, and physical-conditional disabilities in Athletics. Mixed research was conducted employing descriptive, exploratory, and non-experimental studies. Document analysis, surveys, interviews, measurements, and statistical analysis were used. The reliability and validity of the instruments showed a confidence interval of (95%), with a standard value of (p0.05). This prevalence study involved ten male athletes with disabilities (age ±13.6, weight ±58.3, and height ±1,605). The results showed that physical-conditional anthropometric characteristic was the main variable distinguishing the athletes. Furthermore, based on the mean value of each indicator, it also relied on the upper and lower extremities and functional conditions. In conclusion, greater attention should be given, especially to athletes with certain physical conditions, to achieve better results in Olympics.

When we talk about science and innovation, it is to refer to the main support of human activity, to transform the objective reality of the teaching contexts, the theoretical and empirical methods, allow us the logical reasoning of the processes and phenomena, to give answers to possible hypotheses, and make decisions and advance in thinking, cultural,  artistic, social, and educational, as the basis of analytical, reflective and holistic instruction, according to its impact on the educational field. This study aims to know the impact that science and innovation have had on students of Physical Culture to improve the teaching-learning process. To achieve this, the research starts from a qualitative approach, based on a descriptive and longitudinal study. Different methods and instruments were used, such as the documentary review, the questionnaire, the survey, and the triangulation. In addition, the criterion of inclusion and exclusion. The most relevant findings contribute to linking the components (objectives, contents, and methods) with science and innovation to improve the teaching-learning process. In conclusion, pedagogical interventions provide solutions to teaching work as a significant means for teaching science and innovation.

No abstract

The research presented is based on the need to apply the contents related to the subject Physical Activity Adapted to Inclusive Physical Education in a coherent and understandable way, offering the possibility of knowing what to do at each moment of the practice of physical activities aimed at children with Special Educational Needs (SEN). A work algorithm is designed based on the determination of the general objective related to the diagnosis of the state of the physical condition indicators in the schoolchildren taken as a sample. It works with a population of three schoolchildren with physical motor disabilities, belonging to the José Marti primary school in the Caibarién municipality. From the methodological point of view, theoretical and empirical methods are used, within the latter the case study as a general methodology to present the results of methods such as: documentary analysis, interview and measurement. As a result, the measurement of anthropometric indicators of physical efficiency is obtained: speed, flexibility and leg strength, as well as laterality, balance and spatial orientation, these are described and analyzed to enrich the comprehensive pedagogical diagnosis of schoolchildren and facilitate their inclusion in the Physical Education class, the precision of said indicators that respond to the specific situations of each case is achieved, in order to pay special attention to working with diversity, showing that the schoolchildren with (SEN) taken as a sample In research, they can be included in the Physical Education classes of the grade, based on respect for differences.

El trabajo tiene como objetivo central valorar la condición física en atletas con discapacidad intelectual del Programa de Olimpiadas Especiales en el Atletismo, a partir de indicadores antropométricos físicas-condicionales. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, no experimental desarrollado bajo un paradigma cualitativo, donde participaron 10 atletas con discapacidad intelectual, integrantes del equipo de Atletismo del Programa de Olimpiadas Especiales en Villa Clara. Se emplearon los métodos el análisis de documentos, la encuesta, la entrevista, la medición, análisis estadístico. Además, se realizaron mediciones antropométricas en miembros superiores e inferiores como alcances, longitudes y circunferencias, así como, indicadores de capacidades físicas condicionales como flexibilidad, fuerza de brazos, abdomen y piernas; rapidez y resistencia. Se utilizó el criterio de inclusión. Los resultados arrojaron las principales características antropométricas físicas-condicionales que distinguen a los atletas, así como, su análisis en función de las potencialidades para el deporte, a partir del comportamiento de los valores medios de cada indicador. La confiabilidad y validez de los instrumentos, nos arrojaron un intervalo de confianza del (95%), con un valor significación es (p<0.05)