Este trabajo tiene como propósito destacar elementos teóricos útiles para analizar distintas formas de colaboración y niveles de competencia entre empresas. Asimismo, se destaca el concepto coo-petencia tecnológica como elemento central en el análisis de clúster o cúmulos industriales

Businesses are developed in highly dynamic environments, so companies seek access to resources that allow them to cope with variations. One of these strategies is cooperation in which companies cooperate and compete towards a common goal. In the cooperative, companies that compete and cooperate looking for a common goal. Through sharing (cooperation) the resources create value, the appropriation of this value is derived from the various interests (competition) of the companies, catches the value created for their purposes.ResumenLas empresas se desarrollan en entornos altamente dinámicos, por lo que ellas buscan acceso a recursos que les permitan hacer frente a las variaciones. Una de estas estrategias es la cooperación en la que las empresas cooperan y compiten hacia un objetivo común. En la cooperativa, las empresas que compiten y cooperan buscan un objetivo común. Al compartir (cooperación) los recursos crean valor, la apropiación de este valor se deriva de los diversos intereses (competencia) de las empresas, captura el valor creado para sus fines.ResumoAs empresas são desenvolvidas em ambientes altamente dinâmicos, por isso as empresas buscam acesso a recursos que lhes permitam lidar com variações. Uma dessas estratégias é a cooperação em que as empresas cooperam e competem por um objetivo comum. Na cooperativa, empresas que competem e cooperam em busca de um objetivo comum. Através da partilha (cooperação) os recursos criam valor, a apropriação deste valor é derivada dos vários interesses (concorrência) das empresas, captura o valor criado para os seus fins.

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A motor vehicle is a complex system of more than 10 000 elements, which are integrated in subsystems produced in diverse technological systems that evolve in rhythms and directions. One of these systems is the automotive seat. This paper is organised into three parts. In the first, we show that patents are a technological indicator that contributes to explaining the technological evolution of automotive seats. In the second, a description of the technological evolution of the seat is used to analyse inventions registered by the Lear Corporation as well as by Johnson Controls. The last part examines the changes in the process of modularisation.

The objective of this article is to analyze the trend of Foreign Direct Investment (fdi) in the state of Guanajuato, in particular, that attracted by the automotive industry during the period 2000-2016. This study uses a quantitative methodology to describe the behavior and general trends of the total fdi flows, the data used were gathered from official statistics sources and the results from a research project carried out from 2014 to 2017. The main conclusions drawn are: fdi in the automotive industry Trends of automotive industry fdi in Guanajuato, México *