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The leading type of nature use in Crimea is recreation. In this article, the peninsula is considered as a tourist region, identified are its strengths and weaknesses, opportunities for its development and threats it is facing. Many of them are associated with joining the peninsula to Russia in March 2014 and a variety of consequences of this event. During the last year significantly decreased the number of tourists and accessibility of the peninsula, which dramatically increases the urgency of the construction of a transport crossing in Kerch. The article provides recommendations for the development of new types of tourism, which, along with the improvement of relations with Ukraine and the transport passage allow to increase the number of tourists. This is important both for the economy of the Crimea as a whole, and for the majority of its inhabitants. The paper also proposes to carry out a redistribution of tourist flows and to actively pursue the advertising campaign of the Crimea as a tourist region in the information space of the Russian Federation. It can be used by patriotic sentiments that have taken place in the country after joining the Crimea. The popularity of the peninsula could rise as a result of the depreciation of the Russian ruble, which significantly changes the situation on the market of tourist services. It is proposed to consider the coast of the Crimea as a set of natural and natural-social system that provides new opportunities for environmental management in the coastal zone. In particular, this approach allows identifying the most important tourist potential areas of the territory, as well as spatial boundaries of human impact. In recent years, the share of organized tourist sharply increased and the geography of tourism greatly changed. It should be remembered that for Crimean are important both organized and unorganized holiday makers.

In managing the recreational resources in a coastal zone of the Crimean peninsula it is necessary to consider geomorphological natural risks that become visible in so-called adverse and dangerous natural processes. Among all types of adverse and dangerous natural processes in a coastal zone of Crimea the geological and geomorphological types are the greatest threat for the recreational natural-use. They are the object of studying in this article, and their impact on recreational human activity is a subject. This research is aimed at identifying the geomorphological adverse and dangerous natural processes, the characteristics of a coastal zone of the Southern Crimea, and developing the recommendations for managing the recreational natural-use. The authors assess the risks on that side using the town of Solnechnogorskoye and its surroundings, the typical tourist center of eastern part of the Southern Crimean coast, as a key area of the recreational activity. The slope and abrasion processes are the greatest threat here. Abrasion in general is characterized by the average level of intensity, the slope processes are mostly shown as a linear erosion and a landslide activity. A considerable part of this territory represents the modern and ancient landslides that in certain cases are activated by the human impact. The forecast for the coast dynamics indicates the necessity of shore protection works for a long-term vision to protect the engineering objects located next to the sea coast. It is necessary to avoid capital construction within the landslide bodies and next to the sea coast without bank protection con- structions. Protective measures should be applied to the available engineering constructions that are affected by the landslides and the linear erosion. It willallow reducing financial losses and the probability of human losses (that will inevitably lead to a sudden outflow of recreants from the region) when using the territory for tourism. The chosen area is characterized by adverse and dangerous natural processes typical for Crimea and other seaside territories with a mountainous terrain. Thus, the gained experience can be used for other coastal areas in Crimea and beyond.

Аннотация. В настоящее время все большую популярность приобретает количественная оценка геоэкологических услуг, оказываемых природными геосистемами, особенно для уникальных природных ландшафтов. К ним с уверенностью можно отнести Волго-Ахтубинскую пойму. Р. Костенза еще в 1997 г. осуществил оценку средней стоимости геоэкологических услуг всех основных ландшафтов Земли (хоть по понятным причинам она вышла весьма приближенной). В рамках проекта TEEB-Russia была получена правда, главным образом, сравнительного характера-такая же оценка для российских ландшафтов. Особое место для региона, особенно для Астраханской области, занимают рекреационные услуги, оказываемые природными системами. Суммарная стоимость услуг геосистем значительно превышает расходы на их поддержание в текущем состоянии, что подтверждает необходимость последнего. Ключевые слова: природные ландшафты, Волго-Ахтубинская пойма, стоимость геоэкологических услуг природных систем, рекреация.

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