This article discusses the prospects for further constitutional and legal reform in order to maximize the full enjoyment of human rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation. The article attempts to analyze from new positions the most problematic issues of implementing the principles of Russian constitutional law, which traditionally are the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of the categorical framework and methodological approaches to the problem under study. The main theoretical and methodological approaches are studied, which include: dialectical, structural-functional, comparative legal and other methods. A comparative analysis of the terms “rights” and “freedoms” of man is of considerable interest, during which similar features and differences are revealed. The authors analyzed the views of leading Russian scientists. In the course of the study, the authors revealed the mechanisms and guarantees ensuring individual freedoms (economic, political, ideological and legal ones). In conclusion, the authors come to the logical conclusion that individual rights and freedoms are the most important factor characterizing modern Russian society.

This research is dedicated to the problem of essence and classification of international private law principles applicable to international private contracts. It studies existing doctrinal opinions towards systematization criteria of international private law principles including that in relation to other branches of law. The authors come to the conclusion on the essence and characteristics of those international private law principles that are applied to contractual relations complicated by a foreign element and that are reflected in the international practice. By subdividing the international private law principles by extent of relation to primary regulation methods (collision law and material law) and taking into account a close tie of this law branch with other branches, in particular, international public and civil law, given the goals of this research, the authors come to the conclusions that regulation of trans-border contractual relations correspond to the following principles: justice, good faith and rationality of participants of legal relations; autonomy of parties’ will; the closest tie. The substantiation of the above gives quotes of international documents widely spread as lex mercatoria – UNIDROIT principles, principles of the European contractual law, and Hauge principles of law selection as applicable to international commercial contracts.