No abstract

Subject. The prevalence of dental diseases worldwide comes between 67% and 98% at an older age, regardless of gender. Many chronic dental processes take place with intoxication of the body. Thereby they cause significant health problems, disrupting the quality of life. They entail large financial investments both from the person and the state. Doctor’s prognosis and understanding on the possible development of the disease in the patient either completely helps to prevent it or facilitates its course, helping to recover and accelerate the rehabilitation period. Genetic tests are an extremely promising and modern solution to this prognosis. Knowledge of genetic characteristics allows dentists to determine the medical tactics, helps to build a plan of recommendations for the patient's lifestyle and the schedule of preventive examinations. In dentistry genetic tests determine the quality of the innate inflammatory immune response to the introduction of pathogenic flora. Such tests allow to find out the features of the regenerative processes in the body and the quality of the detoxification system. Thus, they help to predict a more aggressive and faster course of the disease. Purpose. The aim of the work is to study the relevance and possibility of using genetic testing in dentistry. It describes the most modern methods. The present study shows the function and interpretation of the effect of the most probable gene polymorphisms on clinical signs of dental diseases. Materials and methods. The analysis of 40 sources of domestic and foreign literature on the possibilities and availability of modern test systems in dentistry has been carried out. The information on possible associations of genetic predisposition to the most common dental diseases and conditions has been highlighted, summarized and analyzed. Conclusion. Having previously obtained the results of the patient's genetic characteristics of the metabolism of mineral and vitamin substances, confirmation of the propensity for excessive bacterial growth and other genetic characteristics, the doctor will be able to build a plan of preventive measures to preserve the patient's health or, if necessary, will prepare the patient for treatment to minimize negative effects.